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Integrate a rational function of the tangent beside roots of linears in it (#1970)
Under t = tan(z), dz = dt/(f (1 + t^2)), and a rational function of the tangent
beside roots of linears in it is a rational function of t beside roots of
linears in t. It is now integrated term by term over the partial fractions of
its rational part, with the 1 + t^2 below the bar written as the linears of its
roots, (1 + i t)(1 - i t). Each term is the roots over one power of a linear,
which the rules for a root of a linear over a linear answer. Rubi's 4.3.4.2
(c + d tan(z))^(5/2) (A + B tan(z) + C tan(z)^2)/sqrt(a + b tan(z)) and six
more of its rows, and three of 4.3.2.1, were past the budget.
Part of #233.
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012sonx8iAspMiwRwokT1Ura
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@@ -3189,6 +3189,25 @@ were read as numbers only. In `w = e^(i z)` the integral is a power of `w` besid
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| `"(k*sec(c + d*x))^(-4 - n)*(a + i*a*tan(c + d*x))^n".ToEntity().Integrate("x")` | `integral(...)` | the integrand times powers of `e^(i (c + d x))` from `n - 4` to `n + 4`, each over its exponent |
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| `"(a + i*a*tan(c + d*x))^n/(k*sec(c + d*x))^n".ToEntity().Integrate("x")` | `integral(...)` | the integrand over `i d n` |
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### A rational function of the tangent beside roots of linears in it is integrated over the linears of `1 + tan^2`
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**Answers where there were none.** `(c + d tan(z))^(5/2) (A + B tan(z) + C tan(z)^2)/sqrt(a + b tan(z))` and six more of
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Rubi's 4.3.4.2, and `1/((a + i a tan(z))^3 (c + d tan(z))^(3/2))` and two more of 4.3.2.1, were declined. In
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`t = tan(z)`, under the root of the quotient of the two linears or the root of the one, the `1 + t^2` that `dz` puts
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below the bar is a quartic with symbols in every coefficient. It is now written as its linears `(1 + i t)(1 - i t)` and
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the rational part split over them, so that each term is the roots over one power of a linear, which the rules for a
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root of a linear over a linear answer; the sum is checked by its derivative in `t`. Only two roots of linears with
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distinct roots, beside a polynomial or a linear below the bar, or one root below the bar beside a whole power of
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`a ± i a tan(z)`. Their neighbours that the unreleased master answered come through it as well, shorter and sooner
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