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Write out the factors the half tangent shares between the parts it homogenised apart (#2055)
Rubi's 6.7.1 sech(x)^2/(a + c sech(x) + b tanh(x)) ran past the corpus's
budget; master answered it in 1,383,216 characters after twenty-two
seconds. SolveARationalFunctionOfTheHyperbolicTangent homogenises each
maximal rational function of e^x apart, which keeps the written factors,
and leaves a factor two parts share inside the expanded polynomial of one:
under u = tanh(x/2) the integrand was (1 + u^2)^2 over (1 + u^2)^2 times a
quartic holding 1 + u^2 once more, and the rational integrator wrote that
quartic's partial fractions with symbols. The factors the homogenising
makes, 1 + u^2, 1 - u^2, 1 - u, 1 + u and u, are now divided out of every written
factor of the denominator as often as they go exactly and written as powers
of their own, then out of the numerator: the integrand is 1/((1 + u^2) Q(u))
for a quadratic Q, 2,931 characters in 0.6 s. Only where one of them then
divides the numerator too: written out with nothing cancelled, 6.3.1's
(c + d x)^3/(a + a tanh(e + f x))^3 ran past the budget it was answered
in. And 1 - u^2 before its two linears, so that an integrand even in u
stays written so: split into them, 6.1.7's sinh(u)^8/(a - b sinh(u)^4)^2
took 5.4 GB where it takes 0.5. A polynomial gcd over the
whole quotient was tried first; it cancels the same factor, but expands the
denominator, and the rational integrator declined the quartic it left.
Part of #233.
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012sonx8iAspMiwRwokT1Ura
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
| `"sech(x)^2/(a+c*sech(x)+b*tanh(x))".ToEntity().Integrate("x")` | `integral(...)` | 2,931 characters, where before this change master gave 1,383,216 |
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| `"csch(x)^2/(a+c*csch(x)+b*coth(x))".ToEntity().Integrate("x")` | `integral(...)` | 1,766 characters, where before this change master gave 1,690 |
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### A function of the hyperbolic tangent alone is integrated under `u = tanh`
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**Answers where there were none.** `tanh(x)/sqrt(a + b tanh(x)^2 + c tanh(x)^4)` was declined, and so were 35 more of
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