diff --git a/internal/cbm/extract_imports.c b/internal/cbm/extract_imports.c
index 538335b0e8..2d8ed1e4ea 100644
--- a/internal/cbm/extract_imports.c
+++ b/internal/cbm/extract_imports.c
@@ -1588,8 +1588,18 @@ static void parse_embedded_imports(CBMExtractCtx *ctx) {
         embedded_collect_content_nodes(ctx->root, e, hits, &hit_count, MAX_EMBEDDED_BLOCKS);
         for (int i = 0; i < hit_count; i++) {
             CBMLanguage embedded_language = e->embedded_language;
-            bool extract_structure = ctx->language == CBM_LANG_VUE;
-            if (extract_structure &&
+            /* Structure (defs + calls), not just imports, for hosts whose
+             * embedded language carries real code. Vue since #1852; CFML's
+             * <cfscript> since the #1412 distillation. */
+            bool extract_structure =
+                ctx->language == CBM_LANG_VUE || ctx->language == CBM_LANG_CFML;
+            /* The attribute resolver is Vue's: it inspects <script lang=/src=>
+             * and OVERRIDES the spec's embedded language (JS default, TS on
+             * lang="ts", bail on src=). CFML's cf_script_tag carries no such
+             * attributes and its embedded language is fixed by the spec row
+             * (CFSCRIPT) — running the resolver would silently rewrite it to
+             * JavaScript. Resolve only for Vue. */
+            if (ctx->language == CBM_LANG_VUE &&
                 !vue_embedded_language(ctx, hits[i].script, &embedded_language)) {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -3083,6 +3093,9 @@ void cbm_extract_imports(CBMExtractCtx *ctx) {
     case CBM_LANG_SVELTE:
     case CBM_LANG_VUE:
     case CBM_LANG_ASTRO:
+    /* Tag-dialect CFML: <cfscript> bodies are opaque cf_script_content to the
+     * cfml grammar; the embedded spec re-parses them as CFSCRIPT (#1412). */
+    case CBM_LANG_CFML:
         parse_embedded_imports(ctx);
         break;
     default:
diff --git a/internal/cbm/lang_specs.c b/internal/cbm/lang_specs.c
index e605f1615d..0407007024 100644
--- a/internal/cbm/lang_specs.c
+++ b/internal/cbm/lang_specs.c
@@ -892,6 +892,14 @@ static const char *graphql_field_types[] = {"field_definition", "input_value_def
 // the generic embedded-imports walker re-parse that slice with the JS grammar
 // so the existing ES import extractor sees real import_statement nodes.
 // Terminator: an entry whose script_node_type is NULL.
+static const CBMEmbeddedLangSpec cfml_embedded_imports[] = {
+    /* Tag-dialect CFML keeps <cfscript> bodies as opaque cf_script_content;
+     * re-parse them with the cfscript grammar through the shared included-
+     * ranges machinery so defs (and calls) inside legacy components extract
+     * with absolute coordinates. Distilled from #1412. */
+    {"cf_script_tag", "cf_script_content", CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT},
+    {NULL, NULL, 0},
+};
 static const CBMEmbeddedLangSpec vue_embedded_imports[] = {
     {"script_element", "raw_text", CBM_LANG_JAVASCRIPT},
     {NULL, NULL, 0},
@@ -2119,7 +2127,7 @@ static const CBMLangSpec lang_specs[CBM_LANG_COUNT] = {
     [CBM_LANG_CFML] = {CBM_LANG_CFML, cfml_func_types, empty_types, empty_types, cfml_module_types,
                        cfml_call_types, empty_types, empty_types, cfml_branch_types, empty_types,
                        empty_types, empty_types, NULL, empty_types, NULL, NULL, tree_sitter_cfml,
-                       NULL},
+                       cfml_embedded_imports},
 
     // CBM_LANG_GLEAM
     [CBM_LANG_GLEAM] = {CBM_LANG_GLEAM, gleam_func_types, gleam_class_types, gleam_field_types,
diff --git a/src/discover/discover.c b/src/discover/discover.c
index fe1e4e19d7..b89db8a3ff 100644
--- a/src/discover/discover.c
+++ b/src/discover/discover.c
@@ -708,6 +708,10 @@ static CBMLanguage detect_file_language(const char *entry_name, const char *abs_
     if (dot && strcmp(dot, ".inc") == 0) {
         lang = cbm_disambiguate_inc(abs_path);
     }
+    /* Special: .cfc components may be script-dialect or tag-dialect (<cfcomponent>) */
+    if (dot && strcmp(dot, ".cfc") == 0) {
+        lang = cbm_disambiguate_cfc(abs_path);
+    }
     /* Special: ObjectScript Studio Export XML (<Export generator="...">) is
      * detected by content; otherwise .xml stays XML. */
     if (lang == CBM_LANG_XML) {
diff --git a/src/discover/discover.h b/src/discover/discover.h
index afb60fa36e..d49c0acc21 100644
--- a/src/discover/discover.h
+++ b/src/discover/discover.h
@@ -64,6 +64,12 @@ CBMLanguage cbm_disambiguate_inc(const char *path);
  * shebang, an embedded NUL in the first line, or an unknown interpreter. */
 CBMLanguage cbm_language_from_shebang(const char *path);
 
+/* Disambiguate .cfc files by reading the head of the content.
+ * Returns CBM_LANG_CFML if the component is tag-based (a "<cfcomponent" tag, or a
+ * leading '<'), otherwise CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT for script-dialect components.
+ * On read failure, defaults to CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT. */
+CBMLanguage cbm_disambiguate_cfc(const char *path);
+
 /* ── Gitignore pattern matching ──────────────────────────────────── */
 
 typedef struct cbm_gitignore cbm_gitignore_t;
diff --git a/src/discover/language.c b/src/discover/language.c
index 61d34509d1..3cb0bf6f8e 100644
--- a/src/discover/language.c
+++ b/src/discover/language.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "cbm.h" // CBMLanguage, CBM_LANG_*
 
 #include "foundation/constants.h"
+#include "foundation/compat.h" // cbm_strcasestr
 #include "foundation/compat_fs.h"
 
 enum { LANG_SCAN_PASSES = 2 };
@@ -469,7 +470,10 @@ static const ext_entry_t EXT_TABLE[] = {
     /* Qt QML */
     {".qml", CBM_LANG_QML},
 
-    /* CFML / ColdFusion — .cfc components are script-dialect; .cfm are tag templates */
+    /* CFML / ColdFusion — .cfm are tag templates; .cfc components may be EITHER
+     * script-dialect (component { ... }) or tag-dialect (<cfcomponent> ...). The
+     * table default is script; tag-based .cfc are resolved by content in
+     * cbm_disambiguate_cfc(). */
     {".cfc", CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT},
     {".cfm", CBM_LANG_CFML},
 
@@ -1306,3 +1310,74 @@ CBMLanguage cbm_disambiguate_inc(const char *path) {
     }
     return CBM_LANG_BITBAKE;
 }
+
+/* Case-insensitive prefix match (portable — no strncasecmp dependency). */
+static bool starts_with_ci(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
+    for (; *prefix; s++, prefix++) {
+        if (tolower((unsigned char)*s) != tolower((unsigned char)*prefix)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* Disambiguate .cfc files: a ColdFusion component may be written in the script
+ * dialect ("component { ... }", parsed by the JS-like cfscript grammar) or the
+ * tag dialect ("<cfcomponent> ... <cffunction>", parsed by the HTML-derived cfml
+ * grammar). The extension table defaults to cfscript because that is what modern
+ * Lucee/ACF templates use, but large legacy codebases are predominantly tag-based
+ * and feeding those to the wrong grammar fails wholesale. Routing rules:
+ *   1. A "<cfcomponent" or top-level "<cffunction" tag ⇒ tag dialect. (The latter
+ *      catches "bare" tag components that omit the <cfcomponent> wrapper.) This
+ *      wins regardless of any leading <!---/<cfscript>, so it is checked first.
+ *   2. Otherwise the file is script-dialect content. Find the first significant
+ *      token, skipping whitespace and <!--- ---> comments:
+ *        - a leading "<cfscript>" wrapper is still script content ⇒ cfscript;
+ *        - a different leading tag (e.g. <cfquery> in a bare-tag file) ⇒ cfml;
+ *        - anything else ("component { ... }") ⇒ cfscript.
+ * Defaults to CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT on any doubt (preserves table behaviour). */
+CBMLanguage cbm_disambiguate_cfc(const char *path) {
+    if (!path) {
+        return CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT;
+    }
+
+    FILE *f = cbm_fopen(path, "r");
+    if (!f) {
+        return CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT;
+    }
+
+    /* Read a generous head: tag components can carry a large license/revision
+     * comment block before the <cfcomponent> opener. */
+    char buf[CBM_SZ_16K + SKIP_ONE];
+    size_t n = fread(buf, SKIP_ONE, CBM_SZ_16K, f);
+    buf[n] = '\0';
+    (void)fclose(f);
+
+    /* Rule 1: explicit tag-component markers ⇒ tag dialect. */
+    if (cbm_strcasestr(buf, "<cfcomponent") != NULL || cbm_strcasestr(buf, "<cffunction") != NULL) {
+        return CBM_LANG_CFML;
+    }
+
+    /* Rule 2: locate the first significant token, past whitespace and comments. */
+    const char *p = buf;
+    for (;;) {
+        while (*p && isspace((unsigned char)*p)) {
+            p++;
+        }
+        if (starts_with_ci(p, "<!---")) {
+            const char *end = strstr(p + SLEN("<!---"), "--->");
+            if (!end) {
+                break; /* comment runs past the buffer — treat as no token */
+            }
+            p = end + SLEN("--->");
+            continue;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    if (*p == '<') {
+        /* A leading <cfscript> wrapper is script content; any other leading tag
+         * (bare-tag file) is tag content. */
+        return starts_with_ci(p, "<cfscript") ? CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT : CBM_LANG_CFML;
+    }
+    return CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT;
+}
diff --git a/tests/test_extraction.c b/tests/test_extraction.c
index 55919f89ba..935eda07ce 100644
--- a/tests/test_extraction.c
+++ b/tests/test_extraction.c
@@ -372,6 +372,52 @@ TEST(extract_cfml_tag_issue38) {
     PASS();
 }
 
+/* --- CFML tag dialect: script functions inside a <cfscript> block of a tag
+ * component. The HTML-derived cfml grammar keeps the <cfscript> body as an
+ * opaque cf_script_content token, so these functions only surface once the
+ * block is re-parsed with the cfscript grammar through the shared
+ * included-ranges machinery (parse_one_embedded_block, #1852).
+ * Also asserts the block-relative line numbers are remapped back to host-file
+ * lines, and that a leading <cfsetting> void tag (which cascades ERROR nodes in
+ * the cfml grammar) does not prevent recovery of the functions. --- */
+TEST(extract_cfml_embedded_cfscript_defs) {
+    /* Source layout (1-based lines): 1 <cfcomponent>, 2 <cfsetting>, 3 <cfscript>,
+     * 4 greet(), 7 addTwo(), 10 </cfscript>, 11 <cffunction tagPing>, 14 close. */
+    CBMFileResult *r = extract("<cfcomponent>\n"
+                               "<cfsetting requesttimeout=\"10\">\n"
+                               "<cfscript>\n"
+                               "    public string function greet(string who) {\n"
+                               "        return \"hi \" & who;\n"
+                               "    }\n"
+                               "    private numeric function addTwo(numeric a) {\n"
+                               "        return a + 2;\n"
+                               "    }\n"
+                               "</cfscript>\n"
+                               "<cffunction name=\"tagPing\" returntype=\"string\">\n"
+                               "    <cfreturn \"pong\">\n"
+                               "</cffunction>\n"
+                               "</cfcomponent>\n",
+                               CBM_LANG_CFML, "app", "Service.cfc");
+    ASSERT_NOT_NULL(r);
+    /* Script functions inside <cfscript> are recovered ... */
+    ASSERT(has_def(r, "Function", "greet"));
+    ASSERT(has_def(r, "Function", "addTwo"));
+    /* ... alongside the tag-dialect <cffunction> in the same component. */
+    ASSERT(has_def(r, "Function", "tagPing"));
+    /* Line numbers are remapped from block-relative back to host-file lines. */
+    for (int i = 0; i < r->defs.count; i++) {
+        const CBMDefinition *d = &r->defs.items[i];
+        if (strcmp(d->label, "Function") == 0 && strcmp(d->name, "greet") == 0) {
+            ASSERT(d->start_line == 4);
+        }
+        if (strcmp(d->label, "Function") == 0 && strcmp(d->name, "addTwo") == 0) {
+            ASSERT(d->start_line == 7);
+        }
+    }
+    cbm_free_result(r);
+    PASS();
+}
+
 /* --- Helm / Go template: named templates + include calls (#338) --- */
 TEST(extract_helm_templates_issue338) {
     CBMFileResult *r = extract("{{- define \"chart.fullname\" -}}\n"
@@ -1689,14 +1735,13 @@ TEST(cpp_function) {
  * node when multiple tests share a file. Each must mint a distinct Function
  * node whose name encodes the suite and case arguments. */
 TEST(cpp_gtest_same_name_collision_issue1266) {
-    CBMFileResult *r = extract(
-        "namespace demo { int assembleWidget(int s) { return s * 2; } }\n"
-        "TEST(WidgetSuite, DoublesSmallSize) { demo::assembleWidget(1); }\n"
-        "TEST(WidgetSuite, DoublesZero) { demo::assembleWidget(0); }\n"
-        "TEST(WidgetSuite, DoublesLargeSize) {\n"
-        "  demo::assembleWidget(1000);\n"
-        "}\n",
-        CBM_LANG_CPP, "t", "direct_test.cpp");
+    CBMFileResult *r = extract("namespace demo { int assembleWidget(int s) { return s * 2; } }\n"
+                               "TEST(WidgetSuite, DoublesSmallSize) { demo::assembleWidget(1); }\n"
+                               "TEST(WidgetSuite, DoublesZero) { demo::assembleWidget(0); }\n"
+                               "TEST(WidgetSuite, DoublesLargeSize) {\n"
+                               "  demo::assembleWidget(1000);\n"
+                               "}\n",
+                               CBM_LANG_CPP, "t", "direct_test.cpp");
     ASSERT_NOT_NULL(r);
     ASSERT(has_def(r, "Function", "TEST_WidgetSuite_DoublesSmallSize"));
     ASSERT(has_def(r, "Function", "TEST_WidgetSuite_DoublesZero"));
@@ -1708,10 +1753,9 @@ TEST(cpp_gtest_same_name_collision_issue1266) {
 
 /* #1266: TEST_F fixture macro also produces unique names. */
 TEST(cpp_gtest_f_unique_name_issue1266) {
-    CBMFileResult *r = extract(
-        "TEST_F(MyFixture, FirstTest) { doStuff(); }\n"
-        "TEST_F(MyFixture, SecondTest) { doOtherStuff(); }\n",
-        CBM_LANG_CPP, "t", "fixture_test.cpp");
+    CBMFileResult *r = extract("TEST_F(MyFixture, FirstTest) { doStuff(); }\n"
+                               "TEST_F(MyFixture, SecondTest) { doOtherStuff(); }\n",
+                               CBM_LANG_CPP, "t", "fixture_test.cpp");
     ASSERT_NOT_NULL(r);
     ASSERT(has_def(r, "Function", "TEST_F_MyFixture_FirstTest"));
     ASSERT(has_def(r, "Function", "TEST_F_MyFixture_SecondTest"));
@@ -3676,9 +3720,9 @@ TEST(extract_ts_decorators_survive_interleaved_comment) {
     ASSERT_FALSE(r->has_error);
     const CBMDefinition *m = find_def_by_name(r, "login");
     ASSERT_NOT_NULL(m);
-    ASSERT(decorators_contain(m, "Throttle"));  /* below the comment — always worked */
-    ASSERT(decorators_contain(m, "HttpCode"));  /* above the comment — was dropped */
-    ASSERT(decorators_contain(m, "Post"));      /* above the comment — was dropped */
+    ASSERT(decorators_contain(m, "Throttle")); /* below the comment — always worked */
+    ASSERT(decorators_contain(m, "HttpCode")); /* above the comment — was dropped */
+    ASSERT(decorators_contain(m, "Post"));     /* above the comment — was dropped */
     cbm_free_result(r);
     PASS();
 }
@@ -3937,7 +3981,6 @@ TEST(extract_go_binary_concat_url_no_literal_suffix_issue1249) {
     PASS();
 }
 
-
 /* Reproduce-first: Java module QN must derive from the CONTAINING DIRECTORY, not
  * the filename stem, so a top-level class `Outer` in `Outer.java` is `t.Outer`,
  * NOT the doubled `t.Outer.Outer`. The nested method def QN must also equal the
@@ -6037,6 +6080,7 @@ SUITE(extraction) {
     RUN_TEST(extract_qml_issue42);
     RUN_TEST(extract_cfscript_issue38);
     RUN_TEST(extract_cfml_tag_issue38);
+    RUN_TEST(extract_cfml_embedded_cfscript_defs);
     RUN_TEST(extract_helm_templates_issue338);
     RUN_TEST(extract_helm_values_toplevel_issue338);
 
diff --git a/tests/test_language.c b/tests/test_language.c
index b20270157c..6914e64f48 100644
--- a/tests/test_language.c
+++ b/tests/test_language.c
@@ -609,6 +609,92 @@ TEST(lang_m_default_on_read_fail) {
     PASS();
 }
 
+/* ── .cfc disambiguation (tag vs script dialect) ───────────────── */
+
+/* Helper: write content to a temp .cfc and return its disambiguated language. */
+static CBMLanguage disambiguate_cfc_content(const char *name, const char *content) {
+    char path[256];
+    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", cbm_tmpdir(), name);
+    FILE *f = fopen(path, "w");
+    if (!f) {
+        return CBM_LANG_COUNT;
+    }
+    fputs(content, f);
+    fclose(f);
+    CBMLanguage lang = cbm_disambiguate_cfc(path);
+    remove(path);
+    return lang;
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_tag_component) {
+    /* <cfcomponent> wrapper ⇒ tag dialect. */
+    ASSERT_EQ(disambiguate_cfc_content("test_cfc_tag.cfc",
+                                       "<cfcomponent>\n<cffunction name=\"f\"></cffunction>\n"
+                                       "</cfcomponent>\n"),
+              CBM_LANG_CFML);
+    PASS();
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_bare_cffunction) {
+    /* A component that omits <cfcomponent> but uses <cffunction> is still tag. */
+    ASSERT_EQ(disambiguate_cfc_content("test_cfc_bare.cfc",
+                                       "<cffunction name=\"f\" output=\"false\">\n"
+                                       "<cfreturn 1>\n</cffunction>\n"),
+              CBM_LANG_CFML);
+    PASS();
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_script_component) {
+    /* Plain "component { ... }" ⇒ script dialect. */
+    ASSERT_EQ(disambiguate_cfc_content("test_cfc_script.cfc",
+                                       "component {\n    function f() { return 1; }\n}\n"),
+              CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT);
+    PASS();
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_script_bare_keyword) {
+    /* "component" on its own line (brace on the next) ⇒ script dialect. */
+    ASSERT_EQ(disambiguate_cfc_content("test_cfc_kw.cfc",
+                                       "component\n{\n    function f() { return 1; }\n}\n"),
+              CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT);
+    PASS();
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_cfscript_wrapped_script) {
+    /* A script component wrapped in a leading <cfscript> is still script — the
+     * leading '<' must NOT route it to the tag grammar. */
+    ASSERT_EQ(
+        disambiguate_cfc_content("test_cfc_wrapped.cfc",
+                                 "<cfscript>\ncomponent {\n    function f() { return 1; }\n}\n"
+                                 "</cfscript>\n"),
+        CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT);
+    PASS();
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_tag_after_license_comment) {
+    /* A leading <!--- ---> license comment before <cfcomponent> ⇒ tag. */
+    ASSERT_EQ(disambiguate_cfc_content("test_cfc_licensed.cfc",
+                                       "<!---\n  Copyright\n--->\n<cfcomponent>\n</cfcomponent>\n"),
+              CBM_LANG_CFML);
+    PASS();
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_script_after_license_comment) {
+    /* A leading <!--- ---> comment before a script component ⇒ script (the
+     * comment's '<' must be skipped, not treated as a tag opener). */
+    ASSERT_EQ(disambiguate_cfc_content("test_cfc_lic_script.cfc",
+                                       "<!--- header ---> \ncomponent {\n"
+                                       "    function f() { return 1; }\n}\n"),
+              CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT);
+    PASS();
+}
+
+TEST(lang_cfc_default_on_read_fail) {
+    /* Non-existent file defaults to script dialect. */
+    ASSERT_EQ(cbm_disambiguate_cfc("/tmp/nonexistent_file_98765.cfc"), CBM_LANG_CFSCRIPT);
+    PASS();
+}
+
 /* --- New languages (auto-generated) --- */
 TEST(lang_ext_solidity) {
     ASSERT_EQ(cbm_language_for_extension(".sol"), CBM_LANG_SOLIDITY);
@@ -1232,6 +1318,14 @@ SUITE(language) {
     RUN_TEST(lang_m_magma);
     RUN_TEST(lang_m_matlab);
     RUN_TEST(lang_m_default_on_read_fail);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_tag_component);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_bare_cffunction);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_script_component);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_script_bare_keyword);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_cfscript_wrapped_script);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_tag_after_license_comment);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_script_after_license_comment);
+    RUN_TEST(lang_cfc_default_on_read_fail);
 
     /* Go test ports */
     /* New languages */