CallbackHandlers.cpp

#include "CallbackHandlers.h"
#include "NativeScriptAssert.h"
#include "MetadataNode.h"
#include "Util.h"
#include "V8GlobalHelpers.h"
#include "V8StringConstants.h"
#include "Constants.h"
//#include "./conversions/JSToJavaConverter.h"
#include "JsArgConverter.h"
#include "JsArgToArrayConverter.h"
#include "ArgConverter.h"
#include "v8-profiler.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
#include <optional>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <chrono>
#include "HttpLoader.h"
#include "MethodCache.h"
#include "ModuleInternal.h"
#include "SimpleProfiler.h"
#include "Runtime.h"
#include "WorkerMessage.h"
#include "WorkerWrapper.h"
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <mutex>

using namespace v8;
using namespace std;
using namespace tns;

void CallbackHandlers::Init(Isolate *isolate) {
    /*
     * Runs once per runtime, on that runtime's own thread, so everything
     * process-global here is resolved under call_once: a starting worker must
     * not rewrite handles the isolates already running are reading, even
     * though it would write back the same values.
     */
    static std::once_flag globalHandlesOnce;
    std::call_once(globalHandlesOnce, [] {
        JEnv env;

        JAVA_LANG_STRING = env.FindClass("java/lang/String");
        NS_CHECK(JAVA_LANG_STRING != nullptr);

        RUNTIME_CLASS = env.FindClass("com/tns/Runtime");
        NS_CHECK(RUNTIME_CLASS != nullptr);

        RESOLVE_CLASS_METHOD_ID = env.GetMethodID(RUNTIME_CLASS, "resolveClass",
                                                  "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;Z)Ljava/lang/Class;");
        NS_CHECK(RESOLVE_CLASS_METHOD_ID != nullptr);

        CURRENT_OBJECTID_FIELD_ID = env.GetFieldID(RUNTIME_CLASS, "currentObjectId", "I");
        NS_CHECK(CURRENT_OBJECTID_FIELD_ID != nullptr);

        MAKE_INSTANCE_STRONG_ID = env.GetMethodID(RUNTIME_CLASS, "makeInstanceStrong",
                                                  "(Ljava/lang/Object;I)V");
        NS_CHECK(MAKE_INSTANCE_STRONG_ID != nullptr);

        GET_TYPE_METADATA = env.GetStaticMethodID(RUNTIME_CLASS, "getTypeMetadata",
                                                  "(Ljava/lang/String;I)[Ljava/lang/String;");
        NS_CHECK(GET_TYPE_METADATA != nullptr);

        ENABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID = env.GetMethodID(RUNTIME_CLASS, "enableVerboseLogging",
                                                           "()V");
        NS_CHECK(ENABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID != nullptr);

        DISABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID = env.GetMethodID(RUNTIME_CLASS, "disableVerboseLogging",
                                                            "()V");
        NS_CHECK(DISABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID != nullptr);

        MethodCache::Init();
    });

    // Per isolate: writes into this runtime's own MetadataNode cache.
    MetadataNode::Init(isolate);
}

/*
 * Marks a JS -> Java call in flight on the runtime (see
 * Runtime::JavaCallDepth): a JS callback that throws while the depth is
 * non-zero is part of a JS-initiated chain and must propagate back to the
 * outer JS catch instead of being contained at the boundary.
 */
namespace {
struct JavaCallScope {
    explicit JavaCallScope(Runtime* runtime) : runtime_(runtime) {
        runtime_->EnterJavaCall();
    }
    ~JavaCallScope() {
        runtime_->LeaveJavaCall();
    }
    Runtime* runtime_;
};
}  // namespace

bool CallbackHandlers::RegisterInstance(Isolate *isolate, const Local<Object> &jsObject,
                                        const std::string &fullClassName,
                                        const ArgsWrapper &argWrapper,
                                        const Local<Object> &implementationObject,
                                        bool isInterface,
                                        const std::string &baseClassName) {
    bool success;

    DEBUG_WRITE("RegisterInstance called for '%s'", fullClassName.c_str());

    auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
    auto objectManager = runtime->GetObjectManager();

    // The Java constructor may synchronously call back into JS (extended
    // class init) - that whole window is a JS-initiated chain.
    JavaCallScope javaCallScope(runtime);

    JEnv env;

    jclass generatedJavaClass = ResolveClass(isolate, baseClassName, fullClassName,
                                             implementationObject,
                                             isInterface);

    int javaObjectID = objectManager->GenerateNewObjectID();

    objectManager->Link(jsObject, javaObjectID, nullptr);

    // resolve constructor
    auto mi = MethodCache::ResolveConstructorSignature(argWrapper, fullClassName,
                                                       generatedJavaClass, isInterface);

    // while the "instance" is being created, if an exception is thrown during the construction
    // this scope will guarantee the "javaObjectID" will be set to -1 and won't have an invalid value
    jobject instance;
    {
        JavaObjectIdScope objIdScope(env, CURRENT_OBJECTID_FIELD_ID, runtime->GetJavaRuntime(),
                                     javaObjectID);

        if (argWrapper.type == ArgType::Interface) {
            instance = env.NewObject(generatedJavaClass, mi.mid);
        } else {
            // resolve arguments before passing them on to the constructor
//            JSToJavaConverter argConverter(isolate, argWrapper.args, mi.signature);
            JsArgConverter argConverter(argWrapper.args, mi.signature);
            auto ctorArgs = argConverter.ToArgs();

            instance = env.NewObjectA(generatedJavaClass, mi.mid, ctorArgs);
        }
    }

    env.CallVoidMethod(runtime->GetJavaRuntime(), MAKE_INSTANCE_STRONG_ID, instance, javaObjectID);

    AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory(env, isolate);

    JniLocalRef localInstance(instance);
    success = !localInstance.IsNull();

    if (success) {
        jclass instanceClass = env.FindClass(fullClassName);
        objectManager->SetJavaClass(jsObject, instanceClass);
    } else {
        DEBUG_WRITE_FORCE("RegisterInstance failed with null new instance class: %s",
                          fullClassName.c_str());
    }

    return success;
}

jclass CallbackHandlers::ResolveClass(Isolate *isolate, const string &baseClassName,
                                      const string &fullClassName,
                                      const Local<Object> &implementationObject, bool isInterface) {
    JEnv env;
    jclass globalRefToGeneratedClass = env.CheckForClassInCache(fullClassName);

    if (globalRefToGeneratedClass == nullptr) {

        // get needed arguments in order to load binding
        JniLocalRef javaBaseClassName(env.NewStringUTF(baseClassName.c_str()));
        JniLocalRef javaFullClassName(env.NewStringUTF(fullClassName.c_str()));

        jobjectArray methodOverrides = GetMethodOverrides(env, implementationObject);

        jobjectArray implementedInterfaces = GetImplementedInterfaces(env, implementationObject);

        auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);

        // create or load generated binding (java class)
        jclass generatedClass = (jclass) env.CallObjectMethod(runtime->GetJavaRuntime(),
                                                              RESOLVE_CLASS_METHOD_ID,
                                                              (jstring) javaBaseClassName,
                                                              (jstring) javaFullClassName,
                                                              methodOverrides,
                                                              implementedInterfaces,
                                                              isInterface);

        globalRefToGeneratedClass = env.InsertClassIntoCache(fullClassName, generatedClass);

        env.DeleteGlobalRef(methodOverrides);
        env.DeleteGlobalRef(implementedInterfaces);
    }

    return globalRefToGeneratedClass;
}

// Called by ExtendMethodCallback when extending a class
string CallbackHandlers::ResolveClassName(Isolate *isolate, jclass &clazz) {
    auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
    auto objectManager = runtime->GetObjectManager();
    auto className = objectManager->GetClassName(clazz);
    return className;
}

Local<Value> CallbackHandlers::GetArrayElement(Local<Context> context, const Local<Object> &array,
                                               uint32_t index, const string &arraySignature) {
    return arrayElementAccessor.GetArrayElement(context, array, index, arraySignature);
}

void CallbackHandlers::SetArrayElement(Local<Context> context, const Local<Object> &array,
                                       uint32_t index,
                                       const string &arraySignature, Local<Value> &value) {

    arrayElementAccessor.SetArrayElement(context, array, index, arraySignature, value);
}

Local<Value> CallbackHandlers::GetJavaField(Isolate *isolate, const Local<Object> &caller,
                                            FieldCallbackData *fieldData) {
    return fieldAccessor.GetJavaField(isolate, caller, fieldData);
}

void CallbackHandlers::SetJavaField(Isolate *isolate, const Local<Object> &target,
                                    const Local<Value> &value, FieldCallbackData *fieldData) {
    fieldAccessor.SetJavaField(isolate, target, value, fieldData);
}

void CallbackHandlers::CallJavaMethod(const Local<Object> &caller, const string &className,
                                      const string &methodName, MetadataEntry *entry,
                                      bool isFromInterface, bool isStatic,
                                      bool isSuper,
                                      const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    SET_PROFILER_FRAME();

    JEnv env;

    jclass clazz;
    jmethodID mid;
    string *sig = nullptr;
    string *returnType = nullptr;
    auto retType = MethodReturnType::Unknown;
    MethodCache::CacheMethodInfo mi;

    auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();

    // The Java method may synchronously call back into JS (an overridden
    // method on the receiver) - that whole window is a JS-initiated chain.
    JavaCallScope javaCallScope(Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate));

    if ((entry != nullptr) && entry->getIsResolved()) {
        auto &entrySignature = entry->getSig();
        isStatic = entry->isStatic;

        if (entry->memberId == nullptr) {
            clazz = env.FindClass(className);

            if (clazz == nullptr) {
                MetadataNode *callerNode = MetadataNode::GetNodeFromHandle(caller);
                const string callerClassName = callerNode->GetName();

                DEBUG_WRITE("Cannot resolve class: %s while calling method: %s callerClassName: %s",
                            className.c_str(), methodName.c_str(), callerClassName.c_str());
                clazz = env.FindClass(callerClassName);
                if (clazz == nullptr) {
                    //todo: plamen5kov: throw exception here
                    DEBUG_WRITE("Cannot resolve caller's class name: %s", callerClassName.c_str());
                    return;
                }

                if (isStatic) {
                    if (isFromInterface) {
                        auto methodAndClassPair = env.GetInterfaceStaticMethodIDAndJClass(className,
                                                                                          methodName,
                                                                                          entrySignature);
                        entry->memberId = methodAndClassPair.first;
                        clazz = methodAndClassPair.second;
                    } else {
                        entry->memberId = env.GetStaticMethodID(clazz, methodName, entrySignature);
                    }
                } else {
                    entry->memberId = env.GetMethodID(clazz, methodName, entrySignature);
                }

                if (entry->memberId == nullptr) {
                    //todo: plamen5kov: throw exception here
                    DEBUG_WRITE("Cannot resolve a method %s on caller class: %s",
                                methodName.c_str(), callerClassName.c_str());
                    return;
                }
            } else {
                if (isStatic) {
                    if (isFromInterface) {
                        auto methodAndClassPair = env.GetInterfaceStaticMethodIDAndJClass(className,
                                                                                          methodName,
                                                                                          entrySignature);
                        entry->memberId = methodAndClassPair.first;
                        clazz = methodAndClassPair.second;
                    } else {
                        entry->memberId = env.GetStaticMethodID(clazz, methodName, entrySignature);
                    }
                } else {
                    entry->memberId = env.GetMethodID(clazz, methodName, entrySignature);
                }

                if (entry->memberId == nullptr) {
                    //todo: plamen5kov: throw exception here
                    DEBUG_WRITE("Cannot resolve a method %s on class: %s", methodName.c_str(),
                                className.c_str());
                    return;
                }
            }
            entry->clazz = clazz;
        }

        mid = reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(entry->memberId);
        clazz = entry->clazz;
        sig = &entrySignature;
        returnType = &entry->getReturnType();
        retType = entry->getRetType();
    } else {
        DEBUG_WRITE("Resolving method: %s on className %s", methodName.c_str(), className.c_str());

        clazz = env.FindClass(className);
        if (clazz != nullptr) {
            mi = MethodCache::ResolveMethodSignature(className, methodName, args, isStatic);
            if (mi.mid == nullptr) {
                DEBUG_WRITE("Cannot resolve class=%s, method=%s, isStatic=%d, isSuper=%d",
                            className.c_str(), methodName.c_str(), isStatic, isSuper);
                return;
            }
        } else {
            MetadataNode *callerNode = MetadataNode::GetNodeFromHandle(caller);
            const string callerClassName = callerNode->GetName();
            DEBUG_WRITE("Resolving method on caller class: %s.%s on className %s",
                        callerClassName.c_str(), methodName.c_str(), className.c_str());
            mi = MethodCache::ResolveMethodSignature(callerClassName, methodName, args, isStatic);
            if (mi.mid == nullptr) {
                DEBUG_WRITE(
                        "Cannot resolve class=%s, method=%s, isStatic=%d, isSuper=%d, callerClass=%s",
                        className.c_str(), methodName.c_str(), isStatic, isSuper,
                        callerClassName.c_str());
                return;
            }
        }

        clazz = mi.clazz;
        mid = mi.mid;
        sig = &mi.signature;
        returnType = &mi.returnType;
        retType = mi.retType;
    }

    if (!isStatic) {
        DEBUG_WRITE("CallJavaMethod called %s.%s. Instance id: %d, isSuper=%d", className.c_str(),
                    methodName.c_str(), caller.IsEmpty() ? -42 : caller->GetIdentityHash(),
                    isSuper);
    } else {
        DEBUG_WRITE("CallJavaMethod called %s.%s. static method", className.c_str(),
                    methodName.c_str());
    }

//    JSToJavaConverter argConverter = (entry != nullptr && entry->isExtensionFunction)
//                                     ? JSToJavaConverter(isolate, args, *sig, entry, caller)
//                                     : JSToJavaConverter(isolate, args, *sig, entry);

    JsArgConverter argConverter = (entry != nullptr && entry->isExtensionFunction)
                                        ? JsArgConverter(caller, args, *sig, entry)
                                        : JsArgConverter(args, false, *sig, entry);


    if (!argConverter.IsValid()) {
        JsArgConverter::Error err = argConverter.GetError();
        throw NativeScriptException(err.msg);
    }

    JniLocalRef callerJavaObject;

    jvalue *javaArgs = argConverter.ToArgs();

    auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntimeFromIsolateData(isolate);
    auto objectManager = runtime->GetObjectManager();

    if (!isStatic) {
        callerJavaObject = objectManager->GetJavaObjectByJsObject(caller);
        if (callerJavaObject.IsNull()) {
            stringstream ss;
            if (args.IsConstructCall()) {
                ss << "No java object found on which to call \"" << methodName
                   << "\" method. It is possible your Javascript object is not linked with the corresponding Java class. Try passing context(this) to the constructor function.";
            } else {
                ss << "Failed calling " << methodName << " on a " << className
                   << " instance. The JavaScript instance no longer has available Java instance counterpart.";
            }
            throw NativeScriptException(ss.str());
        }
    }

    switch (retType) {
        case MethodReturnType::Void: {
            if (isStatic) {
                env.CallStaticVoidMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                env.CallNonvirtualVoidMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                env.CallVoidMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Boolean: {
            jboolean result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticBooleanMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualBooleanMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallBooleanMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            args.GetReturnValue().Set(result != 0);
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Byte: {
            jbyte result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticByteMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualByteMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallByteMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            args.GetReturnValue().Set(result);
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Char: {
            jchar result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticCharMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualCharMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallCharMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }

            JniLocalRef str(env.NewString(&result, 1));
            jboolean bol = true;
            const char *resP = env.GetStringUTFChars(str, &bol);
            args.GetReturnValue().Set(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, resP, 1));
            env.ReleaseStringUTFChars(str, resP);
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Short: {
            jshort result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticShortMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualShortMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallShortMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            args.GetReturnValue().Set(result);
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Int: {
            jint result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticIntMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualIntMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
               result = env.CallIntMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            args.GetReturnValue().Set(result);
            break;

        }
        case MethodReturnType::Long: {
            jlong result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticLongMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualLongMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallLongMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            auto jsLong = ArgConverter::ConvertFromJavaLong(isolate, result);
            args.GetReturnValue().Set(jsLong);
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Float: {
            jfloat result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticFloatMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualFloatMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallFloatMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            args.GetReturnValue().Set((double) result); //TODO: handle float value here correctly.
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Double: {
            jdouble result;
            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticDoubleMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualDoubleMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallDoubleMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }
            args.GetReturnValue().Set(result);
            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::String: {
            jobject result = nullptr;
            bool exceptionOccurred;

            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticObjectMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualObjectMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallObjectMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }

            if (result != nullptr) {
                auto objectResult = ArgConverter::jstringToV8String(isolate,
                                                                    static_cast<jstring>(result));
                args.GetReturnValue().Set(objectResult);
                env.DeleteLocalRef(result);
            } else {
                args.GetReturnValue().SetNull();
            }

            break;
        }
        case MethodReturnType::Object: {
            jobject result = nullptr;
            bool exceptionOccurred;

            if (isStatic) {
                result = env.CallStaticObjectMethodA(clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else if (isSuper) {
                result = env.CallNonvirtualObjectMethodA(callerJavaObject, clazz, mid, javaArgs);
            } else {
                result = env.CallObjectMethodA(callerJavaObject, mid, javaArgs);
            }

            if (result != nullptr) {
                auto isString = env.IsInstanceOf(result, JAVA_LANG_STRING);

                Local<Value> objectResult;
                if (isString) {
                    objectResult = ArgConverter::jstringToV8String(isolate, (jstring) result);
                } else {
                    jint javaObjectID = objectManager->GetOrCreateObjectId(result);
                    objectResult = objectManager->GetJsObjectByJavaObject(javaObjectID);

                    if (objectResult.IsEmpty()) {
                        objectResult = objectManager->CreateJSWrapper(javaObjectID, *returnType,
                                                                      result);
                    }
                }

                args.GetReturnValue().Set(objectResult);
                env.DeleteLocalRef(result);
            } else {
                args.GetReturnValue().SetNull();
            }

            break;
        }
        default: {
            NS_DCHECK(false);
            break;
        }
    }

//    static uint32_t adjustMemCount = 0;
//
//    if ((++adjustMemCount % 2) == 0) {
//        AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory(env, isolate);
//    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory(JEnv &env, Isolate *isolate) {
    auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
    runtime->AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory();
    runtime->TryCallGC();
}

Local<Object> CallbackHandlers::CreateJSWrapper(Isolate *isolate, jint javaObjectID,
                                                const string &typeName) {
    auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
    auto objectManager = runtime->GetObjectManager();

    return objectManager->CreateJSWrapper(javaObjectID, typeName);
}


jobjectArray
CallbackHandlers::GetImplementedInterfaces(JEnv &env, const Local<Object> &implementationObject) {
    if (implementationObject.IsEmpty()) {
        return CallbackHandlers::GetJavaStringArray(env, 0);
    }

    vector<jstring> interfacesToImplement;
    auto isolate = v8::Isolate::GetCurrent();
    auto context = implementationObject->GetCreationContext(isolate).ToLocalChecked();
    Local<String> interfacesName = String::NewFromUtf8Literal(isolate, "interfaces");
    Local<Value> prop;
    if (implementationObject->Get(context, interfacesName).ToLocal(&prop) && !prop.IsEmpty() && prop->IsArray()) {
        auto interfacesArr = prop->ToObject(context).ToLocalChecked();

        Local<String> lengthName = String::NewFromUtf8Literal(isolate, "length");
        unsigned length = interfacesArr->Get(context,lengthName).ToLocalChecked()
            ->Uint32Value(context).ToChecked();

        for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) {
            auto element = interfacesArr->Get(context, j).ToLocalChecked();

            if (element->IsFunction()) {
                auto node = MetadataNode::GetTypeMetadataName(isolate, element);

                node = Util::ReplaceAll(node, std::string("/"), std::string("."));

                jstring value = env.NewStringUTF(node.c_str());
                interfacesToImplement.push_back(value);
            }
        }
    }

    int interfacesCount = interfacesToImplement.size();

    jobjectArray implementedInterfaces = CallbackHandlers::GetJavaStringArray(env, interfacesCount);
    for (int i = 0; i < interfacesCount; i++) {
        env.SetObjectArrayElement(implementedInterfaces, i, interfacesToImplement[i]);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < interfacesCount; i++) {
        env.DeleteLocalRef(interfacesToImplement[i]);
    }

    return implementedInterfaces;
}

jobjectArray
CallbackHandlers::GetMethodOverrides(JEnv &env, const Local<Object> &implementationObject) {
    if (implementationObject.IsEmpty()) {
        return CallbackHandlers::GetJavaStringArray(env, 0);
    }

    vector<jstring> methodNames;
    auto isolate = v8::Isolate::GetCurrent();
    auto context = implementationObject->GetCreationContext(isolate).ToLocalChecked();
    auto propNames = implementationObject->GetOwnPropertyNames(context).ToLocalChecked();
    for (int i = 0; i < propNames->Length(); i++) {
        auto name = propNames->Get(context, i).ToLocalChecked().As<String>();
        if (name->StringEquals(V8StringConstants::GetSuper(isolate))) {
            continue;
        }
        
        auto method = implementationObject->Get(context, name).ToLocalChecked();

        bool methodFound = !method.IsEmpty() && method->IsFunction();

        if (methodFound) {
            String::Utf8Value stringValue(isolate, name);
            jstring value = env.NewStringUTF(*stringValue);
            methodNames.push_back(value);
        }
    }

    int methodCount = methodNames.size();

    jobjectArray methodOverrides = CallbackHandlers::GetJavaStringArray(env, methodCount);
    for (int i = 0; i < methodCount; i++) {
        env.SetObjectArrayElement(methodOverrides, i, methodNames[i]);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < methodCount; i++) {
        env.DeleteLocalRef(methodNames[i]);
    }

    return methodOverrides;
}

void CallbackHandlers::RunOnMainThreadCallback(const FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    NS_DCHECK(args[0]->IsFunction());
    Isolate *isolate = args.GetIsolate();

    v8::Locker locker(isolate);
    Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(isolate);
    HandleScope handle_scope(isolate);

    uint64_t key = ++count_;
    Local<v8::Function> callback = args[0].As<v8::Function>();

    // resolve the loop before inserting: an entry cached with no post to
    // consume it would pin the callback until isolate teardown
    auto mainLoop = Runtime::GetMainEventLoop();
    if (mainLoop == nullptr) {
        return;
    }

    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cacheMutex_);
        bool inserted;
        std::tie(std::ignore, inserted) = cache_.try_emplace(key, isolate, callback);
        NS_DCHECK(inserted && "Main thread callback ID should not be duplicated");
    }

    // bare entry: the closure locks the CALLER's isolate (possibly a
    // worker's), so the loop must not take the main isolate's Locker first -
    // nesting the two can deadlock against multithreaded-JS entry paths
    mainLoop->PostInternalBare([key]() { RunMainThreadEntry(key); });
}

void CallbackHandlers::RunMainThreadEntry(uint64_t key) {
    Isolate *isolate;
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cacheMutex_);
        auto it = cache_.find(key);
        if (it == cache_.end()) {
            return;
        }
        isolate = it->second.isolate_;
    }

    v8::Locker locker(isolate);
    Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(isolate);
    HandleScope handle_scope(isolate);
    Local<v8::Function> cb;
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cacheMutex_);
        auto it = cache_.find(key);
        if (it == cache_.end()) {
            return;
        }
        cb = it->second.callback_.Get(isolate);
        cache_.erase(it);
    }
    Runtime* runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
    v8::Local<v8::Context> context = runtime->GetContext();
    Context::Scope context_scope(context);

    v8::TryCatch tc(isolate);

    cb->Call(context, context->Global(), 0, nullptr);  // ignore JS return value

    if (tc.HasCaught() &&
        !NativeScriptException::ContainUncaughtCallbackException(isolate, tc)) {
        // surfaces via the event loop's guard as a pending Java exception
        throw NativeScriptException(tc);
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::LogMethodCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    try {
        if ((args.Length() > 0) && args[0]->IsString()) {
            auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();
            auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();
            String::Utf8Value message(isolate, args[0]->ToString(context).ToLocalChecked());
            DEBUG_WRITE("%s", *message);
        }
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::DrainMicrotaskCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    try {
        auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();
        isolate->PerformMicrotaskCheckpoint();
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::QueueMacrotaskCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    try {
        auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();
        if (args.Length() < 1 || !args[0]->IsFunction()) {
            isolate->ThrowException(v8::Exception::TypeError(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(
                    isolate, "__ns__queueMacrotask: callback must be a function")));
            return;
        }
        auto eventLoop = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate)->GetEventLoop();
        if (eventLoop == nullptr) {
            return;
        }
        auto callback = std::make_shared<Persistent<Function>>(isolate, args[0].As<Function>());
        // the ordered lane rides the Java MessageQueue, so the callback runs
        // as a macrotask in strict FIFO order with JS timers and Handler.post
        eventLoop->PostOrdered([isolate, callback]() {
            // Java-dispatched callback with no live runtime: log-and-drop,
            // never throw across the boundary
            auto runtime = Runtime::TryGetRuntime(isolate);
            if (runtime == nullptr) {
                DEBUG_WRITE("__ns__queueMacrotask: dropping macrotask, its runtime is gone");
                callback->Reset();
                return;
            }
            auto context = runtime->GetContext();
            Context::Scope context_scope(context);
            TryCatch tc(isolate);
            auto cb = callback->Get(isolate);
            cb->Call(context, context->Global(), 0, nullptr);
            callback->Reset();
            if (tc.HasCaught() &&
            !NativeScriptException::ContainUncaughtCallbackException(isolate, tc)) {
                if (EventLoop::IsPumping()) {
                    // A pump drained this entry and keeps making JNI calls
                    // after we return; the loop reports the exception from
                    // its next token dispatch instead.
                    auto loop = runtime->GetEventLoop();
                    if (loop != nullptr) {
                        loop->DeferJavaThrow(std::make_shared<NativeScriptException>(tc));
                    }
                } else {
                    NativeScriptException(tc).ReThrowToJava();
                }
            }
        });
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::TimeCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    auto nano = std::chrono::time_point_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
            std::chrono::system_clock::now());
    double duration = nano.time_since_epoch().count();
    args.GetReturnValue().Set(duration);
}

void CallbackHandlers::ReleaseNativeCounterpartCallback(
        const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &info) {
    try {
        SET_PROFILER_FRAME();

        validateProvidedArgumentsLength(info, 1);

        auto isolate = info.GetIsolate();
        Handle<Object> obj = info[0].As<Object>();

        auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
        auto objectManager = runtime->GetObjectManager();
        objectManager->ReleaseNativeCounterpart(obj);
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void
CallbackHandlers::validateProvidedArgumentsLength(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args,
                                                  int expectedSize) {
    if (args.Length() != expectedSize) {
        throw NativeScriptException("Unexpected arguments count!");
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::DumpReferenceTablesMethodCallback(
        const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    DumpReferenceTablesMethod();
}

void CallbackHandlers::DumpReferenceTablesMethod() {
    try {
        JEnv env;
        jclass vmDbgClass = env.FindClass("dalvik/system/VMDebug");
        if (vmDbgClass != nullptr) {
            jmethodID mid = env.GetStaticMethodID(vmDbgClass, "dumpReferenceTables", "()V");
            if (mid != 0) {
                env.CallStaticVoidMethod(vmDbgClass, mid);
            }
        }
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::EnableVerboseLoggingMethodCallback(
        const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    try {
        auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();
        auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
        tns::LogEnabled = true;
        JEnv env;
        env.CallVoidMethod(runtime->GetJavaRuntime(), ENABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID);
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::DisableVerboseLoggingMethodCallback(
        const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    try {
        auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();
        auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
        tns::LogEnabled = false;
        JEnv env;
        env.CallVoidMethod(runtime->GetJavaRuntime(), DISABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID);
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::ExitMethodCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    auto msg = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(args[0].As<String>());
    DEBUG_WRITE_FATAL("FORCE EXIT: %s", msg.c_str());
    exit(-1);
}

void CallbackHandlers::CreateGlobalCastFunctions(Isolate *isolate,
                                                 const Local<ObjectTemplate> &globalTemplate) {
    castFunctions.CreateGlobalCastFunctions(isolate, globalTemplate);
}

vector<string> CallbackHandlers::GetTypeMetadata(const string &name, int index) {
    JEnv env;

    string canonicalName = Util::ConvertFromJniToCanonicalName(name);

    JniLocalRef className(env.NewStringUTF(canonicalName.c_str()));
    jint idx = index;

    JniLocalRef pubApi(
            env.CallStaticObjectMethod(RUNTIME_CLASS, GET_TYPE_METADATA, (jstring) className, idx));

    jsize length = env.GetArrayLength(pubApi);

    NS_DCHECK(length > 0);

    vector<string> result;

    for (jsize i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        JniLocalRef s(env.GetObjectArrayElement(pubApi, i));
        const char *pc = env.GetStringUTFChars(s, nullptr);
        result.push_back(string(pc));
        env.ReleaseStringUTFChars(s, pc);
    }

    return result;
}

Local<Value> CallbackHandlers::CallJSMethod(Isolate *isolate, JNIEnv *_env,
                                            const Local<Object> &jsObject, const string &methodName,
                                            jobjectArray args) {
    SET_PROFILER_FRAME();

    JEnv env(_env);
    Local<Value> result;

    auto context = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate)->GetContext();
    auto method = jsObject->Get(context, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate,
                                                                         methodName)).ToLocalChecked();

    if (method.IsEmpty() || method->IsUndefined()) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Cannot find method '" << methodName << "' implementation";
        throw NativeScriptException(ss.str());
    } else if (!method->IsFunction()) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Property '" << methodName << "' is not a function";
        throw NativeScriptException(ss.str());
    } else {
        EscapableHandleScope handleScope(isolate);

        auto jsMethod = method.As<Function>();
        auto jsArgs = ArgConverter::ConvertJavaArgsToJsArgs(context, args);
        int argc = jsArgs->Length();

        std::vector<Local<Value>> arguments(argc);
        for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
            arguments[i] = jsArgs->Get(context, i).ToLocalChecked();
        }

        TryCatch tc(isolate);
        Local<Value> jsResult;
        {
            SET_PROFILER_FRAME();
            jsMethod->Call(context, jsObject, argc, argc == 0 ? nullptr : arguments.data()).ToLocal(
                    &jsResult);
        }

        //TODO: if javaResult is a pure js object create a java object that represents this object in java land

        if (tc.HasCaught()) {
            if (NativeScriptException::ContainUncaughtCallbackException(isolate, tc)) {
                // Reported per uncaughtErrorPolicy; the native caller resumes
                // with a default value.
                jsResult = v8::Undefined(isolate);
            } else {
                stringstream ss;
                ss << "Calling js method " << methodName << " failed";
                throw NativeScriptException(tc, ss.str());
            }
        }

        result = handleScope.Escape(jsResult);
    }

    return result;
}

Local<Object> CallbackHandlers::FindClass(Isolate *isolate, const string &className) {
    Local<Object> clazz;
    JEnv env;

    jclass c = env.FindClass(className);
    if (env.ExceptionCheck() == JNI_FALSE) {
        auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
        auto objectManager = runtime->GetObjectManager();

        jint javaObjectID = objectManager->GetOrCreateObjectId(c);
        clazz = objectManager->GetJsObjectByJavaObject(javaObjectID);

        if (clazz.IsEmpty()) {
            clazz = objectManager->CreateJSWrapper(javaObjectID, "Ljava/lang/Class;", c);
        }
    }
    return clazz;
}

int CallbackHandlers::GetArrayLength(Isolate *isolate, const Local<Object> &arr) {
    auto runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);
    auto objectManager = runtime->GetObjectManager();

    JEnv env;

    auto javaArr = objectManager->GetJavaObjectByJsObject(arr);

    auto length = env.GetArrayLength(javaArr);

    return length;
}

jobjectArray CallbackHandlers::GetJavaStringArray(JEnv &env, int length) {
    if (length > CallbackHandlers::MAX_JAVA_STRING_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "You are trying to override more methods than the limit of "
           << CallbackHandlers::MAX_JAVA_STRING_ARRAY_LENGTH;
        throw NativeScriptException(ss.str());
    }

    JniLocalRef tmpArr(env.NewObjectArray(length, JAVA_LANG_STRING, nullptr));
    return (jobjectArray) env.NewGlobalRef(tmpArr);
}

namespace {

const int kDefaultWorkerPriority = 10; // android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND

const char *const kWorkerPriorityNames =
        "'lowest', 'background', 'lessFavorable', 'default', 'moreFavorable', "
        "'foreground', 'display', 'urgentDisplay', 'video', 'audio', 'urgentAudio' "
        "or a number between -20 and 19";

// The android.os.Process THREAD_PRIORITY_* nice values, under their camelCase
// names; anything else is a caller error.
bool MapWorkerPriorityName(const std::string &name, int &priority) {
    if (name == "lowest") {
        priority = 19;
    } else if (name == "background") {
        priority = 10;
    } else if (name == "lessFavorable") {
        priority = 1;
    } else if (name == "default") {
        priority = 0;
    } else if (name == "moreFavorable") {
        priority = -1;
    } else if (name == "foreground") {
        priority = -2;
    } else if (name == "display") {
        priority = -4;
    } else if (name == "urgentDisplay") {
        priority = -8;
    } else if (name == "video") {
        priority = -10;
    } else if (name == "audio") {
        priority = -16;
    } else if (name == "urgentAudio") {
        priority = -19;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

// Nice values outside the kernel's range are clamped rather than rejected: a
// caller asking for "as low as possible" gets it. Clamping happens on the
// double, before any integer conversion - ToInt32 wraps modulo 2^32, which
// would turn a value past the range into an in-range one. NaN sits on no point
// of the scale and is left to the caller to accept or reject.
std::optional<int> ClampWorkerPriority(Local<Value> value) {
    double priority = value.As<Number>()->Value();
    if (std::isnan(priority)) {
        return std::nullopt;
    }
    if (priority < -20) {
        return -20;
    }
    if (priority > 19) {
        return 19;
    }
    return static_cast<int>(priority);
}

// Carries a real TypeError instance so `catch (e) { e instanceof TypeError }`
// holds in JS; NewThreadCallback's catch block rethrows it unchanged.
[[noreturn]] void ThrowWorkerOptionTypeError(Isolate *isolate, const std::string &message) {
    Local<Value> error = Exception::TypeError(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, message));
    throw NativeScriptException(isolate, error, message);
}

[[noreturn]] void ThrowWorkerOptionRangeError(Isolate *isolate, const std::string &message) {
    Local<Value> error = Exception::RangeError(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, message));
    throw NativeScriptException(isolate, error, message);
}

#ifndef V8_HAS_JS_DISPATCH_TABLE_RESERVATION_PARAM
[[noreturn]] void ThrowWorkerOptionError(Isolate *isolate, const std::string &message) {
    Local<Value> error = Exception::Error(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, message));
    throw NativeScriptException(isolate, error, message);
}
#endif

// Reads `key` from `object`. A false return means the getter threw: the
// exception is already pending on the isolate and construction must stop
// without running anything else on it.
bool ReadWorkerOption(Isolate *isolate, Local<Context> context, Local<Object> object,
                      const char *key, Local<Value> &out) {
    return object->Get(context, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, key)).ToLocal(&out);
}

/*
 * Resolves the Worker thread priority to an android.os.Process nice value from
 * `android.priority`, falling back to the deprecated top-level
 * `androidPriority`. Defaults to THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND (10).
 * Returns false when an option getter threw (see ReadWorkerOption).
 */
bool GetWorkerThreadPriority(Isolate *isolate, Local<Context> context,
                             const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args, int &priority) {
    priority = kDefaultWorkerPriority;

    if (args.Length() < 2 || !args[1]->IsObject()) {
        return true;
    }

    auto options = args[1].As<Object>();
    bool resolved = false;

    Local<Value> androidVal;
    if (!ReadWorkerOption(isolate, context, options, "android", androidVal)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!androidVal->IsNullOrUndefined()) {
        if (!androidVal->IsObject()) {
            ThrowWorkerOptionTypeError(isolate, "Worker option \"android\" must be an object.");
        }

        Local<Value> priorityVal;
        if (!ReadWorkerOption(isolate, context, androidVal.As<Object>(), "priority", priorityVal)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!priorityVal->IsUndefined()) {
            std::optional<int> resolvedPriority;
            if (priorityVal->IsNumber()) {
                resolvedPriority = ClampWorkerPriority(priorityVal);
            } else if (priorityVal->IsString()) {
                int named;
                if (MapWorkerPriorityName(ArgConverter::ConvertToString(priorityVal.As<String>()),
                                          named)) {
                    resolvedPriority = named;
                }
            }
            if (!resolvedPriority) {
                ThrowWorkerOptionTypeError(
                        isolate, std::string("Worker option \"android.priority\" must be one of ") +
                                 kWorkerPriorityNames + ".");
            }
            priority = *resolvedPriority;
            resolved = true;
        }
    }

    Local<Value> legacyVal;
    if (!ReadWorkerOption(isolate, context, options, "androidPriority", legacyVal)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (legacyVal->IsNullOrUndefined()) {
        return true;
    }

    static std::once_flag warnedDeprecated;
    std::call_once(warnedDeprecated, []() {
        DEBUG_WRITE_FORCE("NativeScript: the Worker option \"androidPriority\" is deprecated. "
                          "Use \"android\": { \"priority\": ... } instead.");
    });

    if (resolved) {
        return true;
    }

    if (legacyVal->IsNumber()) {
        // The deprecated option takes NaN as nice 0 (THREAD_PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
        // rather than rejecting it.
        priority = ClampWorkerPriority(legacyVal).value_or(0);
        return true;
    }
    if (legacyVal->IsString() &&
        MapWorkerPriorityName(ArgConverter::ConvertToString(legacyVal.As<String>()), priority)) {
        return true;
    }

    throw NativeScriptException(
            std::string("Invalid value for the Worker 'androidPriority' option. Expected one of: ") +
            kWorkerPriorityNames + ".");
}

constexpr double kBytesPerMegabyte = 1024 * 1024;
// Bounds the double-to-size_t conversion below: converting a byte count that
// does not fit size_t is undefined, and size_t is 32 bits on armeabi-v7a and
// x86. The division floors, so the product always fits. v8 clamps heap sizes
// far under this on every device, so nothing real is excluded.
constexpr size_t kMaxLimitMegabytes =
        std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() / static_cast<size_t>(kBytesPerMegabyte);

// v8 needs the reservation to be a whole number of table segments and no larger
// than its compile-time maximum; whole megabytes satisfy the first on every
// platform's segment size, and 256 is the maximum.
constexpr double kMaxJsDispatchTableSizeMb = 256;

#ifdef V8_HAS_JS_DISPATCH_TABLE_RESERVATION_PARAM
// Every isolate otherwise reserves 256 MB of address space for its JS dispatch
// table; 64 MB still holds four million dispatch entries, far more than a
// worker allocates. Only workers get the smaller reservation - the main
// isolate keeps v8's default.
constexpr size_t kDefaultWorkerJsDispatchTableBytes = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
#endif

// Reads one megabyte-valued `resourceLimits` key into `megabytes`, leaving it
// empty when the key is absent (v8's own default stays in place). Returns false
// when the getter threw (see ReadWorkerOption). A present value must be a
// finite number worth at least one byte and at most kMaxLimitMegabytes.
bool ReadMegabyteLimit(Isolate *isolate, Local<Context> context, Local<Object> resourceLimits,
                       const char *key, std::optional<double> &megabytes) {
    Local<Value> value;
    if (!ReadWorkerOption(isolate, context, resourceLimits, key, value)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (value->IsUndefined()) {
        return true;
    }

    std::string name = std::string("resourceLimits.") + key;
    if (!value->IsNumber()) {
        ThrowWorkerOptionTypeError(isolate, "Worker option \"" + name + "\" must be a number.");
    }

    double parsed = value.As<Number>()->Value();
    if (!std::isfinite(parsed) || parsed * kBytesPerMegabyte < 1 ||
        parsed > static_cast<double>(kMaxLimitMegabytes)) {
        ThrowWorkerOptionRangeError(isolate,
                                    "Worker option \"" + name +
                                            "\" must be a finite number of megabytes worth at "
                                            "least one byte and at most " +
                                            std::to_string(kMaxLimitMegabytes) + ".");
    }

    megabytes = parsed;
    return true;
}

/*
 * Node's `resourceLimits` shape. Unknown keys are ignored, so the options Node
 * has and this runtime cannot honor (codeRangeSizeMb, stackSizeMb) stay
 * harmless to pass. Returns false when a getter threw (see ReadWorkerOption).
 */
bool ParseWorkerResourceLimits(Isolate *isolate, Local<Context> context,
                               const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args,
                               IsolateLimits &limits) {
    if (args.Length() < 2 || !args[1]->IsObject()) {
        return true;
    }

    Local<Value> value;
    if (!ReadWorkerOption(isolate, context, args[1].As<Object>(), "resourceLimits", value)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (value->IsNullOrUndefined()) {
        return true;
    }
    if (!value->IsObject()) {
        ThrowWorkerOptionTypeError(isolate, "Worker option \"resourceLimits\" must be an object.");
    }
    Local<Object> resourceLimits = value.As<Object>();

    std::optional<double> megabytes;

    if (!ReadMegabyteLimit(isolate, context, resourceLimits, "maxOldGenerationSizeMb", megabytes)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (megabytes) {
        limits.maxOldGenerationSizeBytes =
                static_cast<size_t>(*megabytes * kBytesPerMegabyte);
    }

    megabytes.reset();
    if (!ReadMegabyteLimit(isolate, context, resourceLimits, "maxYoungGenerationSizeMb",
                           megabytes)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (megabytes) {
        limits.maxYoungGenerationSizeBytes =
                static_cast<size_t>(*megabytes * kBytesPerMegabyte);
    }

    megabytes.reset();
    if (!ReadMegabyteLimit(isolate, context, resourceLimits, "jsDispatchTableSizeMb", megabytes)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (megabytes) {
        if (*megabytes != std::floor(*megabytes) || *megabytes < 1 ||
            *megabytes > kMaxJsDispatchTableSizeMb) {
            ThrowWorkerOptionRangeError(
                    isolate, "Worker option \"resourceLimits.jsDispatchTableSizeMb\" must be a "
                             "whole number of megabytes between 1 and 256.");
        }
#ifdef V8_HAS_JS_DISPATCH_TABLE_RESERVATION_PARAM
        limits.jsDispatchTableReservationBytes =
                static_cast<size_t>(*megabytes) * static_cast<size_t>(kBytesPerMegabyte);
#else
        ThrowWorkerOptionError(isolate,
                               "Worker option \"resourceLimits.jsDispatchTableSizeMb\" requires a "
                               "v8 build with a configurable JS dispatch table.");
#endif
    }

    return true;
}

}  // namespace

void CallbackHandlers::NewThreadCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    try {
        if (!args.IsConstructCall()) {
            throw NativeScriptException("Worker should be called as a constructor!");
        }

        if (args.Length() == 0) {
            throw NativeScriptException("Not enough arguments.");
        }

        if (args.Length() > 2) {
            throw NativeScriptException("Too many arguments passed.");
        }

        auto thiz = args.This();
        auto isolate = v8::Isolate::GetCurrent();
        auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

        std::string workerPath;

        // Handle both string URLs and URL objects
        if (args[0]->IsString()) {
            workerPath = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(args[0].As<String>());
        } else if (args[0]->IsObject()) {
            Local<Object> urlObj = args[0].As<Object>();
            Local<Value> toStringMethod;
            if (urlObj->Get(context, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "toString")).ToLocal(&toStringMethod)) {
                if (toStringMethod->IsFunction()) {
                    Local<v8::Function> toString = toStringMethod.As<v8::Function>();
                    Local<Value> result;
                    if (toString->Call(context, urlObj, 0, nullptr).ToLocal(&result)) {
                        if (result->IsString()) {
                            std::string stringResult = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(result.As<String>());
                            // Reject plain objects that return "[object Object]" from toString()
                            if (stringResult == "[object Object]") {
                                throw NativeScriptException("Worker constructor expects a string URL or URL object.");
                            }
                            workerPath = stringResult;
                        } else {
                            throw NativeScriptException("Worker URL object toString() must return a string.");
                        }
                    } else {
                        throw NativeScriptException("Error calling toString() on Worker URL object.");
                    }
                } else {
                    throw NativeScriptException("Worker URL object must have a toString() method.");
                }
            } else {
                throw NativeScriptException("Worker URL object must have a toString() method.");
            }
        } else {
            throw NativeScriptException("Worker constructor expects a string URL or URL object.");
        }

        int priority;
        IsolateLimits resourceLimits;
        if (!GetWorkerThreadPriority(isolate, context, args, priority) ||
            !ParseWorkerResourceLimits(isolate, context, args, resourceLimits)) {
            return;
        }

#ifdef V8_HAS_JS_DISPATCH_TABLE_RESERVATION_PARAM
        if (!resourceLimits.jsDispatchTableReservationBytes.has_value()) {
            resourceLimits.jsDispatchTableReservationBytes = kDefaultWorkerJsDispatchTableBytes;
        }
#endif

        // An http(s) entry has no filesystem form to validate or to resolve
        // against the caller's directory: it is already absolute, and the
        // module loader's HTTP branch fetches it on the worker's own thread
        // under the same security gate every other remote load passes. The
        // URL is what the worker registers its entry under, so it is also what
        // the settle gate probes — it must reach the wrapper unrewritten.
        const bool isHttpEntry = ModuleInternal::IsHttpModulePath(workerPath);

        // Resolve tilde paths before creating the worker
        std::string resolvedPath = workerPath;
        if (!isHttpEntry && !workerPath.empty() && workerPath[0] == '~') {
            // Convert ~/path to ApplicationPath/path
            std::string tail = workerPath.size() >= 2 && workerPath[1] == '/' ? workerPath.substr(2) : workerPath.substr(1);
            resolvedPath = Constants::APP_ROOT_FOLDER_PATH + tail;
        }

        /*
         * Relative worker paths are resolved against the calling module's
         * directory. The caller may have no script name (e.g. eval'd code) or
         * the script may not be found there - in both cases fall back to
         * app-root-relative resolution, mirroring the iOS runtime.
         */
        std::string currentDir = Constants::APP_ROOT_FOLDER_PATH;
        auto stack = isHttpEntry
                             ? Local<StackTrace>()
                             : StackTrace::CurrentStackTrace(isolate, 1, StackTrace::kScriptName);
        if (!stack.IsEmpty() && stack->GetFrameCount() > 0) {
            auto currentExecutingScriptName = stack->GetFrame(isolate, 0)->GetScriptName();
            auto currentExecutingScriptNameStr = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(
                    currentExecutingScriptName);
            auto lastForwardSlash = currentExecutingScriptNameStr.find_last_of("/");
            if (lastForwardSlash != std::string::npos) {
                auto callerDir = currentExecutingScriptNameStr.substr(0, lastForwardSlash + 1);
                string fileSchema("file://");
                if (callerDir.compare(0, fileSchema.length(), fileSchema) == 0) {
                    callerDir = callerDir.substr(fileSchema.length());
                }
                currentDir = callerDir;
            }
        }

        // The worker runs on its own thread, with its own working directory
        // and module registry, so it gets the entry resolved here rather than
        // the spec: nothing on the other side can redo this resolution, and
        // the entry's registry key must be what was resolved here.
        std::string entryPath;
        if (isHttpEntry) {
            // Repaired, not canonicalized: the canonical key depends on the
            // worker's own canonicalization vocabulary, which is installed on
            // its isolate, and both the loader and the settle gate derive it
            // there from this URL.
            entryPath = NormalizeHttpModuleUrl(resolvedPath);
        } else {
            // Throws if the path is invalid or the file doesn't exist.
            try {
                entryPath = ModuleInternal::CheckFileExists(isolate, resolvedPath, currentDir);
            } catch (NativeScriptException& e) {
                if (currentDir == Constants::APP_ROOT_FOLDER_PATH) {
                    throw;
                }
                // not found next to the caller - retry against the app root
                entryPath = ModuleInternal::CheckFileExists(isolate, resolvedPath,
                                                            Constants::APP_ROOT_FOLDER_PATH);
                currentDir = Constants::APP_ROOT_FOLDER_PATH;
            }
        }

        auto workerId = WorkerWrapper::NextWorkerId();
        V8SetPrivateValue(isolate, thiz, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "workerId"),
                          Number::New(isolate, workerId));

        // Resolve the jclass/jmethodID handles the worker thread will need,
        // here on the main thread where class loading is safe.
        WorkerWrapper::EnsureJniCached();

        auto wrapper = std::make_shared<WorkerWrapper>(isolate, workerId, entryPath, currentDir,
                                                       priority, std::move(resourceLimits), thiz);
        WorkerWrapper::Insert(workerId, wrapper);

        DEBUG_WRITE("Called Worker constructor id=%d", workerId);

        wrapper->Start();
    } catch (NativeScriptException &e) {
        e.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void
CallbackHandlers::WorkerObjectPostMessageCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();

    HandleScope scope(isolate);

    try {
        if (args.Length() < 1) {
            isolate->ThrowException(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate,
                                                                    "Failed to execute 'postMessage' on 'Worker': 1 argument required."));
            return;
        }

        if (args.Length() > 2) {
            isolate->ThrowException(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate,
                                                                    "Failed to execute 'postMessage' on 'Worker': no more than 2 arguments accepted."));
            return;
        }

        auto thiz = args.This(); // Worker instance

        Local<Value> jsId;

        auto maybejsId = V8GetPrivateValue(isolate, thiz,
                                           ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "workerId"),
                                           jsId);

        auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

        // get worker's ID that is associated with the WorkerWrapper
        auto id = jsId->Int32Value(context).ToChecked();

        auto wrapper = WorkerWrapper::GetById(id);
        if (wrapper == nullptr || wrapper->IsTerminating() || wrapper->IsClosing()) {
            DEBUG_WRITE(
                    "MAIN: WorkerObjectPostMessageCallback - worker(id=%d) is terminated or closing. No message will be sent.",
                    id);
            return;
        }

        Local<Value> transferList = args.Length() > 1
                                            ? args[1]
                                            : v8::Undefined(isolate).As<Value>();
        auto message = std::make_shared<worker::Message>();
        if (message->Serialize(isolate, context, args[0], transferList,
                               serialization::HostObjectPolicy::kDegrade)
                    .IsNothing()) {
            // The transfer list was rejected or the value could not be cloned;
            // the exception is already pending and nothing may be posted.
            return;
        }

        wrapper->PostMessage(message);

        DEBUG_WRITE(
                "MAIN: WorkerObjectPostMessageCallback called postMessage on Worker object(id=%d)",
                id);
    } catch (NativeScriptException &ex) {
        ex.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void
CallbackHandlers::WorkerGlobalPostMessageCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();

    HandleScope scope(isolate);

    try {
        TryCatch tc(isolate);

        // TODO: Pete: Discuss whether this is the way to go
        if (args.Length() < 1) {
            isolate->ThrowException(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate,
                                                                    "Failed to execute 'postMessage' on WorkerGlobalScope: 1 argument required."));
        } else if (args.Length() > 2) {
            isolate->ThrowException(ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate,
                                                                    "Failed to execute 'postMessage' on WorkerGlobalScope: no more than 2 arguments accepted."));
        }

        if (tc.HasCaught()) {
            CallWorkerScopeOnErrorHandle(isolate, tc);
            return;
        }

        auto wrapper = WorkerWrapper::FromIsolate(isolate);
        if (wrapper == nullptr || wrapper->IsTerminating()) {
            DEBUG_WRITE(
                    "WORKER: WorkerGlobalPostMessageCallback - worker is terminating. No message will be sent.");
            return;
        }

        auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();
        Local<Value> transferList = args.Length() > 1
                                            ? args[1]
                                            : v8::Undefined(isolate).As<Value>();
        auto message = std::make_shared<worker::Message>();
        if (message->Serialize(isolate, context, args[0], transferList,
                               serialization::HostObjectPolicy::kDegrade)
                    .IsNothing()) {
            // The transfer list was rejected or the value could not be cloned;
            // the exception is already pending and nothing may be posted.
            return;
        }

        wrapper->PostMessageToParent(message);

        DEBUG_WRITE("WORKER: WorkerGlobalPostMessageCallback called.");
    } catch (NativeScriptException &ex) {
        ex.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void
CallbackHandlers::WorkerObjectTerminateCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();

    DEBUG_WRITE("WORKER: WorkerObjectTerminateCallback called.");

    try {
        HandleScope scope(isolate);

        auto thiz = args.This(); // Worker instance
        auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

        Local<Value> jsId;

        auto maybejsId = V8GetPrivateValue(isolate, thiz,
                                           ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "workerId"),
                                           jsId);

        // get worker's ID that is associated on the other side - in Java
        auto id = jsId->Int32Value(context).ToChecked();

        Local<Value> isTerminated;
        V8GetPrivateValue(isolate, thiz, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "isTerminated"),
                          isTerminated);

        if (!isTerminated.IsEmpty() && isTerminated->BooleanValue(isolate)) {
            DEBUG_WRITE(
                    "Main: WorkerObjectTerminateCallback - Worker(id=%d)'s terminate has already been called.",
                    id);
            return;
        }

        V8SetPrivateValue(isolate, thiz, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "isTerminated"),
                          Boolean::New(isolate, true));

        auto wrapper = WorkerWrapper::GetById(id);
        if (wrapper != nullptr) {
            wrapper->Terminate();
        }

        // Reset the persistent Worker object handle and drop the registry entry
        WorkerWrapper::ClearWorkerOnParent(id);
    } catch (NativeScriptException &ex) {
        ex.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::WorkerGlobalCloseCallback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &args) {
    auto isolate = args.GetIsolate();

    DEBUG_WRITE("WORKER: WorkerThreadCloseCallback called.");

    try {
        HandleScope scope(isolate);

        auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();
        auto globalObject = context->Global();

        auto isTerminating = globalObject->Get(
                context,
                ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "isTerminating")).ToLocalChecked();

        if (!isTerminating.IsEmpty() && isTerminating->BooleanValue(isolate)) {
            DEBUG_WRITE("WORKER: WorkerThreadCloseCallback - Worker is currently terminating...");
            return;
        }

        globalObject->Set(context,
                          ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "isTerminating"),
                          Boolean::New(isolate, true));

        // execute onclose handler if one is implemented
        auto callback = globalObject->Get(context, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate,
                                                                                   "onclose")).ToLocalChecked();
        auto isEmpty = callback.IsEmpty();
        auto isFunction = callback->IsFunction();

        TryCatch tc(isolate);

        if (!isEmpty && isFunction) {
            Local<Value> args1[] = {};

            auto func = callback.As<Function>();

            DEBUG_WRITE("WORKER: WorketThreadCloseCallback onclose handle is being called.");
            func->Call(context, Undefined(isolate), 0, args1);
            DEBUG_WRITE("WORKER: WorketThreadCloseCallback onclose handle was called.");
        }

        if (tc.HasCaught()) {
            CallWorkerScopeOnErrorHandle(isolate, tc);
        }

        auto wrapper = WorkerWrapper::FromIsolate(isolate);
        if (wrapper != nullptr) {
            wrapper->Close();
        }
    } catch (NativeScriptException &ex) {
        ex.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

/*
 * Extracts message/filename/stack/line info from a TryCatch into plain
 * strings that can safely cross to the main thread. Robust against empty
 * v8 messages (e.g. when execution was terminated).
 */
static void ExtractTryCatchInfo(Isolate *isolate, Local<Context> context, TryCatch &tc,
                                std::string &message, std::string &source,
                                std::string &stackTrace, int &lineno) {
    message = "";
    source = "";
    stackTrace = "";
    lineno = 0;

    if (!tc.Message().IsEmpty()) {
        lineno = tc.Message()->GetLineNumber(context).FromMaybe(0);
        message = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(tc.Message()->Get());
        Local<String> src;
        if (tc.Message()->GetScriptResourceName()->ToString(context).ToLocal(&src)) {
            source = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(src);
        }
    }

    if (message.empty() && !tc.Exception().IsEmpty()) {
        Local<String> exStr;
        if (tc.Exception()->ToDetailString(context).ToLocal(&exStr)) {
            message = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(exStr);
        }
    }

    Local<Value> outStackTrace = tc.StackTrace(context).FromMaybe(Local<Value>());
    if (!outStackTrace.IsEmpty()) {
        Local<String> stackTraceStr =
                outStackTrace->ToDetailString(context).FromMaybe(Local<String>());
        if (!stackTraceStr.IsEmpty()) {
            stackTrace = ArgConverter::ConvertToString(stackTraceStr);
        }
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::CallWorkerScopeOnErrorHandle(Isolate *isolate, TryCatch &tc) {
    try {
        auto wrapper = WorkerWrapper::FromIsolate(isolate);
        if (wrapper != nullptr && wrapper->IsTerminating()) {
            // The worker was terminated mid-execution (e.g. terminate()
            // interrupting a busy loop) - nothing to report.
            return;
        }

        TryCatch innerTc(isolate);

        // See if `onerror` handle is implemented
        auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();
        auto globalObject = context->Global();

        // execute onerror handle if one is implemented
        Local<Value> callback;
        if (!globalObject->Get(context, ArgConverter::ConvertToV8String(isolate, "onerror"))
                     .ToLocal(&callback)) {
            return;
        }
        auto isFunction = callback->IsFunction();

        if (isFunction && !tc.Message().IsEmpty()) {
            auto msg = tc.Message()->Get();
            Local<Value> args1[] = {msg};

            auto func = callback.As<Function>();

            Local<Value> result;
            func->Call(context, Undefined(isolate), 1, args1).ToLocal(&result);

            // return 'true'-like value, don't bubble up to main Worker.onerror
            if (!result.IsEmpty() && result->BooleanValue(isolate)) {
                // Do nothing, exception has been handled
                return;
            }
        }

        if (wrapper == nullptr) {
            return;
        }

        std::string message, source, stackTrace;
        int lineno;

        // will account for exceptions thrown inside the error handler
        if (innerTc.HasCaught()) {
            ExtractTryCatchInfo(isolate, context, innerTc, message, source, stackTrace, lineno);
            wrapper->PassUncaughtExceptionFromWorkerToParent(message, source, stackTrace, lineno);
        }

        // bubble up to the main thread's Worker object `onerror`
        ExtractTryCatchInfo(isolate, context, tc, message, source, stackTrace, lineno);
        wrapper->PassUncaughtExceptionFromWorkerToParent(message, source, stackTrace, lineno);
    } catch (NativeScriptException &ex) {
        ex.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (std::exception e) {
        stringstream ss;
        ss << "Error: c++ exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        NativeScriptException nsEx(ss.str());
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    } catch (...) {
        NativeScriptException nsEx(std::string("Error: c++ exception!"));
        nsEx.ReThrowToV8();
    }
}

void CallbackHandlers::RemoveIsolateEntries(v8::Isolate *isolate) {
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cacheMutex_);
        for (auto it = cache_.begin(); it != cache_.end();) {
            if (it->second.isolate_ == isolate) {
                it = cache_.erase(it);
            } else {
                ++it;
            }
        }
    }
}
robin_hood::unordered_map<uint64_t, CallbackHandlers::CacheEntry> CallbackHandlers::cache_;
std::mutex CallbackHandlers::cacheMutex_;


std::atomic_int64_t CallbackHandlers::count_ = {0};


short CallbackHandlers::MAX_JAVA_STRING_ARRAY_LENGTH = 100;
jclass CallbackHandlers::RUNTIME_CLASS = nullptr;
jclass CallbackHandlers::JAVA_LANG_STRING = nullptr;
jfieldID CallbackHandlers::CURRENT_OBJECTID_FIELD_ID = nullptr;
jmethodID CallbackHandlers::RESOLVE_CLASS_METHOD_ID = nullptr;
jmethodID CallbackHandlers::MAKE_INSTANCE_STRONG_ID = nullptr;
jmethodID CallbackHandlers::GET_TYPE_METADATA = nullptr;
jmethodID CallbackHandlers::ENABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID = nullptr;
jmethodID CallbackHandlers::DISABLE_VERBOSE_LOGGING_METHOD_ID = nullptr;


NumericCasts CallbackHandlers::castFunctions;
ArrayElementAccessor CallbackHandlers::arrayElementAccessor;
FieldAccessor CallbackHandlers::fieldAccessor;