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# Bill of Materials Template
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| Item | Part number | Description | Qty | Material | Manufacturing route | Mass | Status |
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|---:|---|---|---:|---|---|---:|---|
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| 1 | AST-100-001-A | Central-spine longeron | 4 | TBD | Tube fabrication | TBD | Concept |
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| 2 | AST-200-001-A | Ring sector frame | 12 | TBD | Machined/welded demonstrator | TBD | Concept |
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| 3 | AST-500-006-A | Thruster-gimbal bracket | 12 | Aluminium 6061 demonstrator | 3-axis CNC | TBD | Planned |
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# Naming and Numbering Conventions
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## Part numbering
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`AST-[assembly]-[part]-[revision]`
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Examples:
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- `AST-100-001-A` — central-spine forward longeron
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- `AST-200-014-A` — habitation-ring spoke
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- `AST-500-006-A` — thruster-gimbal bracket
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- `AST-700-021-A` — Skimmer elevon rib
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## Assembly numbering
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- ASA-100 Central Spine
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- ASA-200 Port Ring
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- ASA-300 Starboard Ring
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- ASA-400 Power and Thermal
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- ASA-500 Propulsion
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- ASA-600 Command and Service
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- ASA-700 Skimmer
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- ASA-800 Mission Modules
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## NX naming rules
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- Datums: `DATUM_[FUNCTION]_[INDEX]`
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- Coordinate systems: `CSYS_[ASSEMBLY]_[INTERFACE]`
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- Expressions: lower-case snake case
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- Sketches: `SK_[FUNCTION]_[INDEX]`
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- Bodies: `BODY_[FUNCTION]`
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- WAVE links: `WAVE_[SOURCE]_[FEATURE]`
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## ANSYS naming rules
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Named selections should use:
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- `NS_FIX_*`
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- `NS_LOAD_*`
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- `NS_CONTACT_*`
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- `NS_RESULT_*`
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- `NS_SYM_*`
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# Project Charter — ASTERION FCTA-1
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## 1. Purpose
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Create a technically defensible spacecraft engineering demonstrator that showcases Siemens NX and ANSYS capability while remaining feasible for one person using a home PC.
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## 2. Problem statement
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Conventional launch vehicles are optimised around high-thrust ascent from planetary surfaces. Long-duration spacecraft face different constraints: power, heat rejection, radiation, maintainability, low-thrust trajectory design, human factors, structural flexibility, and orbital assembly. ASTERION explores a modular vehicle that separates launch, in-space transit, habitation, and atmospheric operations.
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## 3. Engineering thesis
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A spacecraft can become more mission-flexible by using:
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- Orbital assembly rather than launching as one monolithic vehicle.
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- Replaceable propulsion and power modules.
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- Electric propulsion for efficient long-duration transfer.
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- Counter-rotating habitation rings for partial artificial gravity.
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- Large deployable thermal-control surfaces.
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- A detachable aeronautical vehicle for atmospheric studies.
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- Open interfaces, modular digital models, and traceable verification.
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## 4. Scope
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### Included
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- Mission-independent conceptual architecture.
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- Parametric Siemens NX master model.
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- Spacecraft primary structure and mechanisms.
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- Lifting-body Skimmer aeroshuttle.
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- NX CAM studies for selected parts.
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- ANSYS structural, dynamic, thermal, and CFD analyses.
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- Hand-calculation validation.
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- Open-source documentation and neutral CAD exports.
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- Physical scale model or mechanism demonstrator.
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- GitHub Pages project viewer.
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### Excluded from Version 1.0
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- Faster-than-light travel.
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- Reactionless propulsion.
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- Full nuclear-reactor design.
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- Human-rating or certification claims.
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- Full chemically reacting hypersonic re-entry CFD.
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- Detailed orbital trajectory optimisation for every destination.
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- Flight-ready avionics or life-support certification.
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## 5. Success criteria
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- A stable NX top-down assembly with no unresolved hard clashes.
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- A controlled parameter set and documented interfaces.
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- At least six validated ANSYS studies.
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- Mesh-sensitivity evidence for critical analyses.
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- At least four representative NX CAM workflows.
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- A complete set of public neutral files and engineering documentation.
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- A final design review showing requirements traceability and limitations.
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## 6. Stakeholders
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- Project owner and lead engineer.
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- Open-source engineering community.
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- Recruiters and technical reviewers.
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- Students and independent aerospace learners.
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## 7. Primary deliverables
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- NX master model and subsystem CAD.
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- Neutral CAD exports.
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- Engineering drawings and BOM.
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- ANSYS models, settings, result summaries, and convergence studies.
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- CAM setup sheets and toolpath evidence.
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- Python validation scripts.
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- Final report and interactive project website.
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# Risk Register — Initial
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| ID | Risk | Likelihood | Impact | Mitigation |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| R-001 | Project grows beyond home-PC capability. | High | High | Use subsystem models, beams, shells, symmetry, and staged refinement. |
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| R-002 | NX associative links become unstable. | Medium | High | Reference the master skeleton, use naming rules, and avoid circular WAVE links. |
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| R-003 | Vehicle appears scientifically misleading. | Medium | High | Label speculative elements, retain conservation laws, and separate concept from validated performance. |
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| R-004 | CFD cell count exceeds available limits. | High | Medium | Use half-model symmetry, local refinement, reduced domains, and 2D preliminary studies. |
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| R-005 | Detailed assembly becomes too slow. | High | Medium | Use arrangements, lightweight representations, simplified parts, and envelope components. |
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| R-006 | CAM output is mistaken for production-ready code. | Medium | High | Mark G-code educational, name the assumed machine, and require machine-specific verification. |
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| R-007 | Thermal model lacks realistic boundary conditions. | Medium | High | Publish assumptions and perform sensitivity studies. |
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| R-008 | Artificial-gravity ring introduces dynamic coupling not captured by simple models. | Medium | High | Begin with static rotating-load analysis, then add reduced transient studies. |
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| R-009 | Public release includes restricted or proprietary data. | Low | High | Release original work and neutral exports only; review licences before publication. |
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| R-010 | Results are presented without validation. | Medium | High | Require a hand calculation or benchmark for every major study. |
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| R-011 | Ideal beam joints overpredict global stiffness. | High | High | Run joint-stiffness sensitivity cases and local connection submodels. |
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| R-012 | Linear eigenvalue buckling is mistaken for nonlinear capacity. | Medium | High | Label as screening and add imperfections/nonlinear analysis in Version 0.5. |
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| R-013 | Ring mass imbalance produces unmodelled dynamic loads. | Medium | High | Add sector masses, bearing compliance and transient braking sensitivity. |
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| R-014 | Preliminary material properties are used outside valid temperature/product-form ranges. | Medium | High | Replace with source-controlled project allowables before detailed claims. |
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# ASTERION Development Roadmap
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## Version 0.1 — Definition
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- Project charter
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- Requirements baseline
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- Architecture
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- Coordinate system and station plan
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- NX expression set
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- ANSYS analysis matrix
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- Risk and verification templates
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**Exit criterion:** all Version 0.1 documents reviewed and committed.
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## Version 0.2 — NX master skeleton
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- Create top-level skeleton part
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- Add central axis and vehicle stations
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- Add ring, solar, radiator, propulsion, docking, and Skimmer envelopes
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- Add named coordinate systems
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- Add expressions and inter-part links
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- Generate first general-arrangement drawing
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**Exit criterion:** stable master model drives all major envelopes without broken references.
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## Version 0.3 — Primary structure
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- Central truss
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- Ring sectors and spokes
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- Bearing supports
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- Solar-array masts
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- Radiator booms
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- Propulsion interface frame
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**Exit criterion:** primary load path complete and ready for reduced-order structural analysis.
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## Version 0.4 — Detailed assemblies
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- Propulsion pods
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- Solar wings
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- Radiators
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- Docking nodes
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- Command/service modules
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- Ring interiors
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- Skimmer aeroshuttle
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**Exit criterion:** complete assembly with controlled clearances and mass properties.
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## Version 0.5 — Structural CAE
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- Static structure
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- Modal
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- Buckling
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- Rotating ring
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- Docking interface
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## Version 0.6 — Thermal and CFD
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- Radiator thermal model
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- Electronics cold plate
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- Cabin ventilation
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- Skimmer external aerodynamics
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## Version 0.7 — CAM and prototype
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- Thruster-gimbal bracket
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- Bearing housing
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- Skimmer rib
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- Lightweight bulkhead
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- Additive demonstrator
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## Version 0.8 — Optimisation
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- Design of experiments
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- Mass reduction
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- Frequency improvement
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- Aerodynamic refinement
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## Version 0.9 — Validation and presentation
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- Mesh convergence
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- Hand-calculation comparison
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- Design review
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- Animations
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- Browser viewer
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## Version 1.0 — Public release
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- Final report
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- Neutral CAD release
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- Simulation evidence
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- CAM documentation
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- Prototype guide
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- GitHub Pages website
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## Version 0.6 completion
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Thermal and CFD preparation, reduced-order correlation data and solver execution guides are complete.
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# System Architecture
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## Major assemblies
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1. **ASA-100 Central Spine Assembly**
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- Primary truss
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- Docking nodes
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- Service tunnel
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- Propulsion load path
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- Power and fluid distribution interfaces
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2. **ASA-200 Port Habitation Ring**
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- Twelve ring sectors
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- Spokes
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- Bearing interface
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- Internal habitation modules
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- Emergency refuge zone
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3. **ASA-300 Starboard Habitation Ring**
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- Counter-rotating companion ring
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- Mirrored mechanical interfaces
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- Independent drive and braking system
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4. **ASA-400 Power and Thermal Assembly**
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- Four deployable solar wings
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- Six deployable radiator panels
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- Power-conditioning modules
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- Thermal manifolds
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5. **ASA-500 Propulsion Assembly**
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- Six detachable pods
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- Two electric thrusters per pod
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- Gimbals
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- Propellant tanks
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- Local thermal shielding
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6. **ASA-600 Command, Navigation, and Service Assembly**
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- Flight-control volume
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- Sensors
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- Communication booms
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- Robotic servicing interface
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7. **ASA-700 Skimmer Aeroshuttle**
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- Blended lifting body
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- Elevons
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- Split rudders
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- Landing gear
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- Docking and payload interface
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8. **ASA-800 Mission Module Zone**
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- Science module
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- Cargo module
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- Tanker module
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- Deep-space sensor module
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## Interface philosophy
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All major assemblies should reference the NX master skeleton rather than directly referencing each other wherever possible. Interface control should use named datum coordinate systems, interface planes, bolt circles, clearance envelopes, and connection tables.
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## Baseline coordinate system
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- +X: forward along the central spine.
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- +Y: starboard.
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- +Z: vehicle zenith in the reference assembly orientation.
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- Origin: geometric centre between the two habitation-ring bearing planes.
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## Preliminary station locations
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| Station | X position | Function |
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|---|---:|---|
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| STA-00 | -21.0 m | Aft propulsion envelope |
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| STA-10 | -16.0 m | Propulsion interface frame |
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| STA-20 | -8.0 m | Aft service and radiator interface |
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| STA-30 | -2.5 m | Aft habitation-ring bearing |
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| STA-40 | +2.5 m | Forward habitation-ring bearing |
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| STA-50 | +9.0 m | Command/service module |
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| STA-60 | +15.0 m | Mission-module zone |
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| STA-70 | +21.0 m | Forward docking and Skimmer interface |

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