[Content] Add the Concentrated Leak Erosion Wall/Cliff Settlement Screening technical reference manual to the System Response Library

docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening/v1.0/00-document-info.mdx

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+---
+title: Document Info
+reportDate: October 2026
+reportType: Technical Reference
+reportTitle: Concentrated Leak Erosion Wall/Cliff Settlement Screening Technical Reference Manual
+reportSubTitle: System Response Library
+reportAuthors: ['Adam Gohs, P.E.']
+reportAbstract: Technical reference documenting the concentrated leak erosion (CLE) wall or cliff settlement screening model in the System Response library. The model computes a system response probability (SRP) at each headwater level for concentrated leak erosion through a transverse crack opened near the crest by differential settlement of the embankment against a steep wall or cliff. The probability of a continuous crack is estimated by risk-factor and likelihood-factor scoring of three site factors (the ratio of the bench width to the wall or cliff height, the post-construction settlement ratio, and the abutment slope below the wall or cliff), and the crack depth is estimated from tabulated relationships for the effective wall height and the normalized crack depth. The crack depth sets the headwater level above which initiation is taken as certain. The remaining nodes of the eight-node event tree follow the methods shared by the concentrated leak erosion screening models, which are documented in a companion manual.
+reportSubjectTerms: ['CLE', 'Concentrated Leak Erosion', 'Screening', 'Event Tree', 'System Response Probability', 'System Response Curve', 'Differential Settlement', 'Wall', 'Cliff', 'Transverse Cracking', 'Risk Factor', 'Likelihood Factor', 'Crack Depth']
+citationGuide: 'U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Risk Management Center, <i>Concentrated Leak Erosion Wall/Cliff Settlement Screening Technical Reference Manual</i>, Lakewood, CO: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Risk Management Center, 2026.'
+---
+
+import Link from '@docusaurus/Link';
+import DocumentMetadata from '@site/src/components/DocumentMetadata';
+import NavContainer from '@site/src/components/NavContainer';
+
+<NavContainer
+  link="/web-applications/system-response"
+  linkTitle="System Response Library"
+  document="web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening"
+/>
+
+# Document Information
+
+<DocumentMetadata metadata={frontMatter} />

docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening/v1.0/00-version-history.mdx

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+---
+title: Version History
+---
+
+import NavContainer from '@site/src/components/NavContainer';
+import TableVersionHistory from '@site/src/components/TableVersionHistory';
+
+<NavContainer
+  link="/web-applications/system-response"
+  linkTitle="System Response Library"
+  document="web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening"
+/>
+
+# Version History
+
+<TableVersionHistory
+  versions={['1.0']}
+  dates={['October 2026']}
+  descriptions={['Initial release as an online document.']}
+  modifiedBy={['-']}
+  reviewedBy={['-']}
+  approvedBy={['-']}
+/>

docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening/v1.0/01-preface.mdx

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+---
+title: Preface
+---
+
+import NavContainer from '@site/src/components/NavContainer';
+
+<NavContainer
+  link="/web-applications/system-response"
+  linkTitle="System Response Library"
+  document="web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening"
+/>
+
+# Preface
+
+This document provides a technical reference for the concentrated leak erosion (CLE) wall or cliff settlement screening model in the System
+Response library. The model computes a system response probability (SRP) as a function of headwater elevation for concentrated leak erosion
+through a transverse crack near the crest, opened by differential settlement of the embankment fill against a steep wall or cliff at an
+abutment. It is a screening-level model: it applies simplifications intended to reduce input burden while avoiding false negatives, and any
+application that performs screening-level risk analysis can use it.
+
+The model is one of eight CLE screening models in the library. The eight share one event tree and most of its nodes. Those shared methods are
+documented once, in the
+[Concentrated Leak Erosion Common Methods Screening Technical Reference Manual](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-common-methods-screening/v1.0/preface),
+and the continuation node is evaluated by the shared method documented in the
+[Continuation (Filter Evaluation) Screening Technical Reference Manual](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/continuation-screening/v1.0/preface).
+This manual documents what is specific to the wall or cliff settlement mechanism: its flaw assessment, which estimates both the probability of a
+continuous crack and the depth of that crack, its inputs, and how it populates the shared event tree. Each shared method is referenced at the
+chapter and section that documents it.
+
+The intended audience includes dam safety engineers evaluating whether the model is appropriate for their assessment, and peer reviewers checking
+the technical basis of screening-level results. Readers are assumed to have a general background in internal-erosion risk analysis — event trees,
+concentrated leak erosion mechanics, and probability concepts — but no familiarity with the software implementation is required.
+
+## Document Organization
+
+- **[Model Overview](./02-model-overview.mdx)** — The model's purpose and intended use, a summary of its execution pathway from inputs to
+  results, its engineering basis, a comparison with detailed methods, and its relationship to the shared CLE methods.
+- **[Input Parameters](./03-input-parameters.mdx)** — The inputs specific to this model — the dam geometry, the wall or cliff geometry, and the
+  settlement information — with units, valid ranges, and defaults, and a guide to the shared inputs documented in the common methods manual.
+- **[Flaw Assessment](./04-flaw-assessment.mdx)** — The calculation of the probability of a continuous transverse crack by risk-factor and
+  likelihood-factor scoring, and of the crack width, effective wall height, crack depth, and bottom-of-crack elevation.
+- **[Event Tree](./05-event-tree.mdx)** — How the model populates each of the eight event-tree nodes at each headwater level, and how the SRP is
+  computed.
+- **[Assumptions and Limitations](./06-assumptions-and-limitations.mdx)** — Each assumption specific to this model with its engineering basis, its
+  effect on results, and the conditions under which it may not hold.
+- **[Output and Interpretation](./07-output-and-interpretation.mdx)** — The results the model produces, how the flaw assessment shapes the system
+  response curve, how to check a result, and the role of screening results relative to detailed analysis.

docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening/v1.0/02-model-overview.mdx

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+---
+title: Model Overview
+---
+
+import Citation from '@site/src/components/Citation';
+import CitationFootnote from '@site/src/components/CitationFootnote';
+import NavContainer from '@site/src/components/NavContainer';
+import TableReference from '@site/src/components/TableReference';
+import TableVertical from '@site/src/components/TableVertical';
+
+<NavContainer
+  link="/web-applications/system-response"
+  linkTitle="System Response Library"
+  document="web-applications/system-response/cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening"
+/>
+
+# Model Overview
+
+## Purpose
+
+The wall or cliff settlement screening model computes a system response curve for concentrated leak erosion through a transverse crack caused by
+differential settlement of the embankment adjacent to a steep wall or cliff. The SRP at each headwater level is the conditional probability of
+breach of the embankment by concentrated leak erosion through such a crack, given that pool level. The curve of SRP values across the range of
+headwater levels characterizes the embankment's vulnerability to the mechanism.
+
+Where embankment fill is placed against a steep wall or cliff at an abutment, the fill settles after construction while the wall or cliff does
+not. The resulting differential settlement can open a transverse crack in the embankment near the crest, alongside the wall or cliff. The
+mechanism is a crest-crack mechanism: the crack is open at the crest and extends down to a bottom-of-crack elevation, and concentrated leak
+erosion can begin once the pool rises above the bottom of the crack. The model takes three site characteristics as the controls on the crack:
+the width of any bench at the base of the wall or cliff relative to its height, the post-construction settlement relative to the dam height, and
+the slope of the abutment below the wall or cliff.
+
+## Intended Use
+
+The model is a screening-level assessment of concentrated leak erosion through a settlement crack adjacent to a wall or cliff. Like the other CLE
+screening models, it makes simplifying and generally conservative assumptions with two goals (see the
+[Intended Use](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-common-methods-screening/v1.0/model-overview#intended-use) section of the common
+methods manual):
+
+- **Preventing false negatives** — The model is designed to avoid underestimating risk at the screening level, so that embankments with a
+  potential cracking concern at a wall or cliff are flagged for further analysis.
+- **Reducing input burden** — The flaw assessment uses four geometric measurements and either a measured settlement or the year of construction.
+  When the settlement is not known, a default settlement ratio based on the era of construction is used.
+
+The model is not intended for detailed or semi-quantitative risk assessments. A detailed analysis estimates the crack and its likelihood from the
+totality of the site evidence (see [Comparison with Detailed Models](#comparison-with-detailed-models)).
+
+## How the Model Works
+
+The model executes the three stages common to the CLE screening models (see the
+[How the Model Works](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-common-methods-screening/v1.0/model-overview#how-the-model-works) section of
+the common methods manual):
+
+1. **Flaw assessment** — The model forms two dimensionless ratios, the bench-width ratio (bench width to wall or cliff height) and the normalized
+   settlement (post-construction settlement as a percentage of the dam height), and scores them, together with the abutment slope below the wall
+   or cliff, as three likelihood factors. The weighted sum of the scores is converted to the probability of a continuous transverse crack. The
+   same three quantities then set, through tabulated relationships, the crack width, the effective height of the wall, and the crack depth, and
+   the crack depth fixes the bottom-of-crack elevation below the crest. The flaw probability and the bottom-of-crack elevation are the same at
+   every pool level (see [Flaw Assessment](./04-flaw-assessment.mdx)).
+
+2. **Pathway resolution** — The user resolves the failure pathway along the crack: whether a drain or filter intersects it and where the
+   filter's top lies, which materials must hold a roof over the enlarging pipe below and above the filter's top, and which upstream
+   seepage-limiting elements are present and how high any wall reaches (see [Input Parameters](./03-input-parameters.mdx#shared-inputs)).
+
+3. **Event-tree assembly** — At each headwater level, the model composes the eight node probabilities of the CLE event tree and multiplies them to
+   produce the SRP. Initiation is certain once the pool rises above the bottom of the crack and zero at or below it. Continuation, roof support,
+   and flow limitation each depend on where the pool stands relative to the top of the filter and the top of any wall (see
+   [Event Tree](./05-event-tree.mdx)).
+
+Every node is deterministic except continuation, which the shared continuation method evaluates by Monte Carlo simulation when a filter
+intercepts the pathway and the method's soil classification route applies.
+
+## Physics Basis
+
+The model combines the following engineering methods:
+
+- **Risk-factor and likelihood-factor scoring** of the bench-width ratio, the normalized settlement, and the abutment slope for the probability of
+  a continuous transverse crack, with the weighted sum mapped to a probability by a log-linear curve <Citation citationKey="Fell2024" /> (see
+  [Flaw Assessment](./04-flaw-assessment.mdx) and the
+  [Risk-Factor and Likelihood-Factor Scoring](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-common-methods-screening/v1.0/flaw-conventions#risk-factor-and-likelihood-factor-scoring)
+  section of the common methods manual)
+- **Tabulated crack width and crack depth relationships** in terms of the same three quantities, in which the crack depth is a fraction of an
+  effective wall height <Citation citationKey="Fell2024" /> (see [Flaw Assessment](./04-flaw-assessment.mdx#crack-depth))
+- **A headwater gate** at the bottom of the open crack for initiation, shared by the crest-crack CLE models (see the
+  [Crest-Crack Models: Headwater Gate](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-common-methods-screening/v1.0/initiation#crest-crack-models-headwater-gate)
+  section of the common methods manual)
+- **Roof-support, crack-filling, and flow-limitation probabilities** from tables by soil classification, embankment type, and upstream
+  element <Citation citationKey="Fell2024" /> (see the
+  [Failure Pathway and Progression](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-common-methods-screening/v1.0/failure-pathway-and-progression)
+  chapter of the common methods manual)
+- **Filter evaluation** for the probability that erosion continues past a filter intersecting the crack, applied through the shared continuation
+  method (see the
+  [Model Overview](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/continuation-screening/v1.0/model-overview) chapter of the Continuation (Filter
+  Evaluation) Screening Technical Reference Manual)
+
+## Comparison with Detailed Models
+
+The detailed counterpart of the screening model is a full concentrated leak erosion risk analysis in which the risk team estimates the
+likelihood, location, and dimensions of a settlement crack adjacent to the wall or cliff from the totality of the site evidence, informed by the
+methods of Fell et al. (2024) <Citation citationKey="Fell2024" />. <TableReference tableKey="cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening-table-1" />
+summarizes the differences.
+
+<TableVertical
+  tableKey="cle-wall-cliff-settlement-screening-table-1"
+  alt="Comparison of the wall or cliff settlement screening model and a detailed analysis"
+  caption="Comparison of the wall or cliff settlement screening model and a detailed analysis."
+  headers={[[{ value: 'Aspect' }, { value: 'Screening Model' }, { value: 'Detailed Analysis' }]]}
+  columns={[
+    [
+      'Purpose',
+      'Crack probability',
+      'Post-construction settlement',
+      'Crack depth',
+      'Observed cracking',
+      'Initiation',
+      'Progression',
+    ],
+    [
+      'Screening-level risk assessment',
+      'Scored from three geometric and settlement factors',
+      'Measured, or an era-of-construction default ratio',
+      'Tabulated fraction of an effective wall height',
+      'Not used by the model',
+      'Certain once the headwater rises above the bottom of the crack',
+      'Tabulated roof-support, crack-filling, and flow-limitation probabilities',
+    ],
+    [
+      'Detailed risk analysis',
+      'Estimated by the risk team from the totality of the evidence',
+      'From survey and instrumentation records',
+      'Estimated by the risk team from site investigation and analysis',
+      'Weighed by the risk team as direct evidence of the crack',
+      'Shear stress analysis of the crack geometry',
+      'Assessed by the risk team, informed by the same tables',
+    ],
+  ]}
+/>
+
+## Relationship to the Shared CLE Methods
+
+The model is one of the four crest-crack models of the CLE family, with cross-valley differential settlement, desiccation cracking, and frost
+cracking (see
+[The Two Model Groups](https://usace-rmc.github.io/RMC-Software-Documentation/docs/web-applications/system-response/cle-common-methods-screening/v1.0/model-overview#the-two-model-groups) in the
+common methods manual). It follows every convention of that group: the headwater gate at the bottom of the crack, the per-pool-level gates at
+the top of the filter and the top of a wall, and the tabulated progression nodes. What sets it apart is its flaw assessment, which scores the bench-width
+ratio, the normalized settlement, and the abutment slope, and derives the crack depth from an effective wall height. It is also one of two models
+in the family with no observation override: an observation of cracking does not set its flaw probability (see
+[Flaw Assessment](./04-flaw-assessment.mdx#no-observation-override)).
+
+The model calls no toolbox method. The continuation node is the only delegated calculation, handed to the shared continuation method whenever a
+filter intersects the failure pathway (see [Event Tree](./05-event-tree.mdx#node-3-continuation)).
+
+<CitationFootnote />