py_assignment_3.py

## welcome to blackjack game in python using OOP

'''
PSEUDO CODE 
To play a hand of Blackjack the following steps must be followed:
Create a deck of 52 cards
Shuffle the deck
Ask the Player for their bet
Make sure that the Player's bet does not exceed their available chips
Deal two cards to the Dealer and two cards to the Player
Show only one of the Dealer's cards, the other remains hidden
Show both of the Player's cards
Ask the Player if they wish to Hit, and take another card
If the Player's hand doesn't Bust (go over 21), ask if they'd like to Hit again.
If a Player Stands, play the Dealer's hand. The dealer will always Hit until the Dealer's value meets or exceeds 17
Determine the winner and adjust the Player's chips accordingly
Ask the Player if they'd like to play again
'''

# 1. DEFINE global variables 

import random

suits = ('Hearts', 'Diamonds', 'Spades', 'Clubs')
ranks = ('Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five', 'Six', 'Seven', 'Eight', 'Nine', 'Ten', 'Jack', 'Queen', 'King', 'Ace')
values = {'Two':2, 'Three':3, 'Four':4, 'Five':5, 'Six':6, 'Seven':7, 'Eight':8, 'Nine':9, 'Ten':10, 'Jack':10,
         'Queen':10, 'King':10, 'Ace':11}

playing = True


# 2. define card class

class Card:

	def __init__(self,suit,rank):
		self.suit = suit
		self.rank = rank

	def __str__(self):
		return self.rank + 'of' + self.suit




# 3. define deck class that consists of different Card objects 

class Deck:
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.deck = []  # start with an empty list
        for suit in suits:
            for rank in ranks:
                self.deck.append(Card(suit,rank))
                
    def __str__(self):
        deck_comp = ''  # start with an empty string
        for card in self.deck:
            deck_comp += '\n '+card.__str__() # add each Card object's print string
        return 'The deck has:' + deck_comp
                
    def shuffle(self):
        random.shuffle(self.deck)
        
    def deal(self):
        single_card = self.deck.pop()
        return single_card



# 4. Create a Hand Class. In addition to holding Card objects dealt from the Deck, \n 
#the Hand class may be used to calculate the value of those cards using the values dictionary defined above. 
# It may also need to adjust for the value of Aces when appropriate. 



	
class Hand:
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.cards = []  # start with an empty list as we did in the Deck class
        self.value = 0   # start with zero value
        self.aces = 0    # add an attribute to keep track of aces
    
    def add_card(self,card):
        self.cards.append(card)
        self.value += values[card.rank]
        if card.rank == 'Ace':
            self.aces += 1  # add to self.aces
    
    def adjust_for_ace(self):
        while self.value > 21 and self.aces:
            self.value -= 10
            self.aces -= 1 
		

# 5. create chip class 

class Chips:
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.total = 100
        self.bet = 0
        
    def win_bet(self):
        self.total += self.bet
    
    def lose_bet(self):
        self.total -= self.bet
        

# FUNCTION DEFINITIONS:

def take_bet(chips):

    while True:
        try:
            chips.bet = int(input('How many chips would you like to bet? '))
        except ValueError:
            print('Sorry, a bet must be an integer!')
        else:
            if chips.bet > chips.total:
                print("Sorry, your bet can't exceed",chips.total)
            else:
                break

def hit(deck,hand):
    hand.add_card(deck.deal())
    hand.adjust_for_ace()
    
def hit_or_stand(deck,hand):
    global playing
    
    while True:
        x = input("Would you like to Hit or Stand? Enter 'h' or 's' ")
        
        if x[0].lower() == 'h':
            hit(deck,hand)  # hit() function defined above

        elif x[0].lower() == 's':
            print("Player stands. Dealer is playing.")
            playing = False

        else:
            print("Sorry, please try again.")
            continue
        break

    
def show_some(player,dealer):
    print("\nDealer's Hand:")
    print(" <card hidden>")
    print('',dealer.cards[1])  
    print("\nPlayer's Hand:", *player.cards, sep='\n ')
    
def show_all(player,dealer):
    print("\nDealer's Hand:", *dealer.cards, sep='\n ')
    print("Dealer's Hand =",dealer.value)
    print("\nPlayer's Hand:", *player.cards, sep='\n ')
    print("Player's Hand =",player.value)
    
def player_busts(player,dealer,chips):
    print("Player busts!")
    chips.lose_bet()

def player_wins(player,dealer,chips):
    print("Player wins!")
    chips.win_bet()

def dealer_busts(player,dealer,chips):
    print("Dealer busts!")
    chips.win_bet()
    
def dealer_wins(player,dealer,chips):
    print("Dealer wins!")
    chips.lose_bet()
    
def push(player,dealer):
    print("Dealer and Player tie! It's a push.")
    
# GAMEPLAY!

while True:
    print('Welcome to BlackJack! Get as close to 21 as you can without going over!\n\
    Dealer hits until she reaches 17. Aces count as 1 or 11.')
    
    # Create & shuffle the deck, deal two cards to each player
    deck = Deck()
    deck.shuffle()
    
    player_hand = Hand()
    player_hand.add_card(deck.deal())
    player_hand.add_card(deck.deal())
    
    dealer_hand = Hand()
    dealer_hand.add_card(deck.deal())
    dealer_hand.add_card(deck.deal())
    
    # Set up the Player's chips
    player_chips = Chips()  # remember the default value is 100
    
    # Prompt the Player for their bet:
    take_bet(player_chips)
    
    # Show the cards:
    show_some(player_hand,dealer_hand)
    
    while playing:  # recall this variable from our hit_or_stand function
        
        # Prompt for Player to Hit or Stand
        hit_or_stand(deck,player_hand)
        show_some(player_hand,dealer_hand)
        
        if player_hand.value > 21:
            player_busts(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)
            break
    
    # If Player hasn't busted, play Dealer's hand        
    if player_hand.value <= 21:
        
        while dealer_hand.value < 17:
            hit(deck,dealer_hand)
            
        # Show all cards
        show_all(player_hand,dealer_hand)
        
        # Test different winning scenarios
        if dealer_hand.value > 21:
            dealer_busts(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)

        elif dealer_hand.value > player_hand.value:
            dealer_wins(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)

        elif dealer_hand.value < player_hand.value:
            player_wins(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)

        else:
            push(player_hand,dealer_hand)

    # Inform Player of their chips total    
    print("\nPlayer's winnings stand at",player_chips.total)
    
    # Ask to play again
    new_game = input("Would you like to play another hand? Enter 'y' or 'n' ")
    if new_game[0].lower()=='y':
        playing=True
        continue
    else:
        print("Thanks for playing!")
        break