feat: implement missing async arg result handling #3158

Job	Run time
Check	3m 2s
Rustfmt	8s
verify-publish	2m 26s
Crate Unit Tests	2m 11s
Build wit-bindgen (x86_64-linux, ubuntu-latest)	2m 45s
Build wit-bindgen (x86_64-macos, macos-latest, x86_64-apple-darwin)	2m 1s
Test Async (allowed to fail)	1m 31s
Build wit-bindgen (x86_64-windows, windows-latest)	4m 32s
Build wit-bindgen (aarch64-linux, ubuntu-latest, aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu)	2m 45s
Build wit-bindgen (aarch64-macos, macos-latest, aarch64-apple-darwin)	2m 34s
Test (ubuntu-latest, csharp)	11m 3s
Test (windows-latest, c)	3m 1s
Test (ubuntu-latest, c)	1m 19s
Test (ubuntu-latest, rust)	2m 30s
Test (macos-latest, c)	1m 58s
Test (macos-latest, cpp)	5m 34s
Test (macos-latest, rust)	2m 27s
Test (windows-latest, rust)	4m 58s
Test (windows-latest, cpp)	5m 6s
Test (ubuntu-latest, cpp)	3m 31s
Test (windows-latest, csharp)	11m 0s
Record the result of testing and building steps	2s
	1h 16m 24s

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