fix(SRP): crash when native OpenAL is unavailable

native/cocos/audio/AudioEngine.cpp

@@ -68,6 +68,9 @@ unsigned int AudioEngine::sMaxInstances = MAX_AUDIOINSTANCES;
 AudioEngine::ProfileHelper *AudioEngine::sDefaultProfileHelper = nullptr;
 ccstd::unordered_map<int, AudioEngine::AudioInfo> AudioEngine::sAudioIDInfoMap;
 AudioEngineImpl *AudioEngine::sAudioEngineImpl = nullptr;
+// Decoder-only fallback instance, defined here to keep AudioDecoderManager
+// initialization separate from OpenAL initialization.
+AudioEngineImpl *AudioEngine::sDecoderImpl = nullptr;
 
 float AudioEngine::sVolumeFactor = 1.0F;
 events::EnterBackground::Listener AudioEngine::sOnPauseListenerID;
@@ -156,6 +159,9 @@ void AudioEngine::end() {
     delete sAudioEngineImpl;
     sAudioEngineImpl = nullptr;
 
+    delete sDecoderImpl;
+    sDecoderImpl = nullptr;
+
     delete sDefaultProfileHelper;
     sDefaultProfileHelper = nullptr;
 
@@ -587,12 +593,48 @@ bool AudioEngine::isEnabled() {
     return sIsEnabled;
 }
 
+AudioEngineImpl *AudioEngine::getDecoderImpl() {
+    if (AudioEngine::sAudioEngineImpl != nullptr) {
+        return AudioEngine::sAudioEngineImpl;
+    }
+    // Try full init first; if it succeeds we get OpenAL + decoder.
+    AudioEngine::lazyInit();
+    if (AudioEngine::sAudioEngineImpl != nullptr) {
+        return AudioEngine::sAudioEngineImpl;
+    }
+    // On oalsoft platforms, PCM decoding via AudioDecoderManager works
+    // independently of OpenAL — create a decoder-only fallback instance.
+    // On Android/OpenHarmony and Apple, AudioEngineImpl::getPCMHeader/
+    // getOriginalPCMBuffer dereferences _audioPlayerProvider/_engineEngine
+    // which are only set up by init(). Returning nullptr here lets callers
+    // fail gracefully instead of crashing.
+#if CC_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_WINDOWS || CC_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_OHOS || \
+    CC_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_LINUX || CC_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_QNX
+    if (AudioEngine::sDecoderImpl == nullptr) {
+        AudioEngine::sDecoderImpl = ccnew AudioEngineImpl();
+        AudioEngineImpl::initDecoder();
+    }
+    return AudioEngine::sDecoderImpl;
+#else
+    return nullptr;
+#endif
+}
+
 PCMHeader AudioEngine::getPCMHeader(const char *url) {
-    lazyInit();
-    return sAudioEngineImpl->getPCMHeader(url);
+    AudioEngineImpl *impl = AudioEngine::getDecoderImpl();
+    if (impl == nullptr) {
+        CC_LOG_WARNING("AudioEngine::getPCMHeader: audio engine unavailable, url: %s", url);
+        return {};
+    }
+    return impl->getPCMHeader(url);
 }
+
 ccstd::vector<uint8_t> AudioEngine::getOriginalPCMBuffer(const char *url, uint32_t channelID) {
-    lazyInit();
-    return sAudioEngineImpl->getOriginalPCMBuffer(url, channelID);
+    AudioEngineImpl *impl = AudioEngine::getDecoderImpl();
+    if (impl == nullptr) {
+        CC_LOG_WARNING("AudioEngine::getOriginalPCMBuffer: audio engine unavailable, url: %s", url);
+        return {};
+    }
+    return impl->getOriginalPCMBuffer(url, channelID);
 }
 } // namespace cc

native/cocos/audio/android/AudioEngine-inl.cpp

@@ -426,6 +426,12 @@ void AudioEngineImpl::onResume() {
     }
 }
 
+bool AudioEngineImpl::initDecoder() {
+    // On Android the decoder infrastructure is set up by init().
+    // This method exists so AudioEngine.cpp compiles uniformly across all platforms.
+    return true;
+}
+
 PCMHeader AudioEngineImpl::getPCMHeader(const char *url) {
     PCMHeader header{};
     ccstd::string fileFullPath = FileUtils::getInstance()->fullPathForFilename(url);

native/cocos/audio/android/AudioEngine-inl.h

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ class AudioEngineImpl : public RefCounted {
     ~AudioEngineImpl() override;
 
     bool init();
+    static bool initDecoder();
     int play2d(const ccstd::string &filePath, bool loop, float volume);
     void setVolume(int audioID, float volume);
     void setLoop(int audioID, bool loop);

native/cocos/audio/apple/AudioEngine-inl.h

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ class AudioEngineImpl : public cc::RefCounted {
     ~AudioEngineImpl();
 
     bool init();
+    static bool initDecoder();
     int play2d(const ccstd::string &fileFullPath, bool loop, float volume);
     void setVolume(int audioID, float volume);
     void setLoop(int audioID, bool loop);

native/cocos/audio/apple/AudioEngine-inl.mm

@@ -632,6 +632,12 @@ AL_API ALvoid AL_APIENTRY alGenBuffers(ALsizei n, ALuint *bids)
     return _audioPlayers.find(audioID) != _audioPlayers.end();
 }
 
+bool AudioEngineImpl::initDecoder() {
+    // On Apple the decoder infrastructure is set up by init().
+    // This method exists so AudioEngine.cpp compiles uniformly across all platforms.
+    return true;
+}
+
 PCMHeader AudioEngineImpl::getPCMHeader(const char *url){
     PCMHeader header {};
     auto itr = _audioCaches.find(url);

native/cocos/audio/include/AudioEngine.h

@@ -339,6 +339,19 @@ class EXPORT_DLL AudioEngine {
     static void pauseAll(ccstd::vector<int> *pausedAudioIDs);
     static void resumeAll(ccstd::vector<int> *pausedAudioIDs);
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Get Audio Decoder
+     *
+     * Strategy:
+     *      1. If the full impl (with OpenAL) is already alive, reuse it (cache + decoder both available).
+     *      2. If OpenAL init has not been attempted yet, try lazyInit() so that a successful OpenAL
+     *          environment still gets the full impl (keeps _audioCaches coherent with play2d).
+     *      3. Only fall back to the decoder-only sDecoderImpl when lazyInit() has failed
+     *          (alcOpenDevice returned null, headless / OHOS / CI environments).
+     * @return The impl instance to use for PCM decoding.
+     */
+    static AudioEngineImpl *getDecoderImpl();
+
     struct ProfileHelper {
         AudioProfile profile;
 
@@ -382,6 +395,10 @@ class EXPORT_DLL AudioEngine {
     static ProfileHelper *sDefaultProfileHelper;
 
     static AudioEngineImpl *sAudioEngineImpl;
+    // Decoder-only fallback instance used when OpenAL is unavailable.
+    // getPCMHeader / getOriginalPCMBuffer do not depend on OpenAL and use this
+    // instance directly instead of going through lazyInit().
+    static AudioEngineImpl *sDecoderImpl;
 
     class AudioEngineThreadPool;
     static AudioEngineThreadPool *sThreadPool;

native/cocos/audio/oalsoft/AudioEngine-soft.cpp

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 // log, CC_LOG_DEBUG aren't threadsafe, since we uses sub threads for parsing pcm data, threadsafe log output
 // is needed. Define the following macros (ALOGV, ALOGD, ALOGI, ALOGW, ALOGE) for threadsafe log output.
 
-//IDEA: Move _winLog, winLog to a separated file
+// IDEA: Move _winLog, winLog to a separate file
 static void _winLog(const char *format, va_list args) {
     static const int MAX_LOG_LENGTH = 16 * 1024;
     int bufferSize = MAX_LOG_LENGTH;
@@ -153,31 +153,51 @@ AudioEngineImpl::~AudioEngineImpl() {
     AudioDecoderManager::destroy();
 }
 
+bool AudioEngineImpl::initDecoder() {
+    return AudioDecoderManager::init();
+}
+
 bool AudioEngineImpl::init() {
     bool ret = false;
     do {
         sALDevice = alcOpenDevice(nullptr);
+        if (sALDevice == nullptr) {
+            // alcGetError(nullptr) is valid when no device is open
+            ALCenum alcErr = alcGetError(nullptr);
+            CC_LOG_ERROR("%s: alcOpenDevice failed, ALC error = 0x%x", __FUNCTION__, alcErr);
+            break;
+        }
 
-        if (sALDevice) {
-            alGetError();
-            sALContext = alcCreateContext(sALDevice, nullptr);
-            alcMakeContextCurrent(sALContext);
+        alGetError();
+        sALContext = alcCreateContext(sALDevice, nullptr);
+        if (sALContext == nullptr) {
+            ALCenum alcErr = alcGetError(sALDevice);
+            CC_LOG_ERROR("%s: alcCreateContext failed, ALC error = 0x%x", __FUNCTION__, alcErr);
+            break;
+        }
 
-            alGenSources(MAX_AUDIOINSTANCES, _alSources);
-            auto alError = alGetError();
-            if (alError != AL_NO_ERROR) {
-                CC_LOG_ERROR("%s:generating sources failed! error = %x\n", __FUNCTION__, alError);
-                break;
-            }
+        alcMakeContextCurrent(sALContext);
 
-            for (unsigned int src : _alSources) {
-                _alSourceUsed[src] = false;
-            }
+        for (auto &src : _alSources) {
+            src = 0;
+        }
+        alGenSources(MAX_AUDIOINSTANCES, _alSources);
+        auto alError = alGetError();
+        if (alError != AL_NO_ERROR) {
+            CC_LOG_ERROR("%s:generating sources failed! error = %x\n", __FUNCTION__, alError);
+            alcMakeContextCurrent(nullptr);
+            alcDestroyContext(sALContext);
+            sALContext = nullptr;
+            break;
+        }
 
-            _scheduler = CC_CURRENT_ENGINE()->getScheduler();
-            ret = AudioDecoderManager::init();
-            CC_LOG_DEBUG("OpenAL was initialized successfully!");
+        for (unsigned int src : _alSources) {
+            _alSourceUsed[src] = false;
         }
+
+        _scheduler = CC_CURRENT_ENGINE()->getScheduler();
+        ret = initDecoder();
+        CC_LOG_DEBUG("OpenAL was initialized successfully!");
     } while (false);
 
     return ret;
@@ -264,7 +284,7 @@ int AudioEngineImpl::play2d(const ccstd::string &filePath, bool loop, float volu
 }
 
 void AudioEngineImpl::play2dImpl(AudioCache *cache, int audioID) {
-    //Note: It may bn in sub thread or main thread :(
+    // Note: It may be in sub thread or main thread :(
     if (!*cache->_isDestroyed && cache->_state == AudioCache::State::READY) {
         _threadMutex.lock();
         auto playerIt = _audioPlayers.find(audioID);

native/cocos/audio/oalsoft/AudioEngine-soft.h

@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ class CC_DLL AudioEngineImpl : public RefCounted {
     ~AudioEngineImpl() override;
 
     bool init();
+    // Initialize only the PCM decoder subsystem (AudioDecoderManager).
+    // Does not require an OpenAL device. Safe to call when init() failed.
+    static bool initDecoder();
     int play2d(const ccstd::string &filePath, bool loop, float volume);
     void setVolume(int audioID, float volume);
     void setLoop(int audioID, bool loop);