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frente S (validade externa): tênis na lei estrutural (bloco 48)
A camada canônica deixou o núcleo sport-agnóstico; plugando o tênis (ATP+WTA, tennis-data.co.uk, snapshot congelado em PROVENANCE-tennis.json) sem mudar ciência: - bloco 48_tennis: 62.865 partidas, mercado de 2 resultados (sem empate). Calibração p_fav 0.688 ≈ vitória real 0.692; a lei skew=f(p_fav) por tier reproduz (ATP corr -1.00, WTA -0.98 vs futebol -0.90); azarão lotérico +2.314 (futebol +2.349) - PROVENANCE-tennis.json: hash do snapshot; 48 verifica o sha em runtime - f35_crosssport.png + tennis_by_tier.csv: futebol e tênis na mesma curva descendente - FINDINGS.md (Fase S + 6ª rodada), Timeline.astro (tag S), run.sh (bloco externo opcional) A invariância não é artefato do 1X2 nem do futebol — é propriedade do esporte. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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site/src/components/Timeline.astro

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{ tag: 'P6', kind: 'Regime', title: 'The modern regime reaches back to 2000', body: 'Extending the record to 2000 with William Hill (the one continuous book, 2000–2025), there is no break at the study\'s 2005 cutoff and the per-league baseline ordering is preserved (r = +0.76). At most a faint, endpoint-sensitive level drift (modern +0.018 above pre-2005, p ≈ 0.03–0.10), far below the between-league spread. The modern regime began before 2005; the 1990s shocks (Bosman, the Champions League expansion) predate odds coverage and remain beyond reach.' },
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{ tag: 'Q', kind: 'Similarity', title: 'Similarity of asymmetries, measured', body: 'The project\'s root question — how similar are two competitions\' return-asymmetries? — becomes one instrument. The pairwise raw |Δskew| (median 0.051) collapses once competitiveness is conditioned out: one parameter explains 82% of the variance, the first two moments 98%, and the full win-probability distribution is the minimal sufficient statistic (residual at the sampling floor; the 1-parameter residual is stable structure, split-half r = 0.98, not noise). Readable without de-vig (r = 0.997) or even odds-free (r = 0.83), converging in ~half a season. By an equivalence test, the English top flight and its fourth tier — raw skew 0.17 vs 0.29 — share the same conditioned asymmetry. Similarity of asymmetries is similarity of competitiveness.' },
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{ tag: 'R', kind: 'Every side', title: 'The same law, mirrored across the book', body: 'Every match offers three two-point bets — favourite (argmax p), draw, underdog (argmin p). All three are positively skewed (global +0.24 / +1.29 / +2.35) and all three are governed by competitiveness, in opposite directions: as a league tilts, the favourite bet flattens (corr −0.90) while the draw and underdog become bigger longshots (+0.95 / +0.91). It is not a law of the favourite — it is one structural law, mirrored across the whole book. And because skewness is a single-bet phenomenon (the mean of N independent bets carries skew ≈ skew/√N), a favourite portfolio washes out by ~6 bets while the underdog\'s lottery survives to ~509 — which is why the bias bites the recreational bettor, not the diversified syndicate.' },
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{ tag: 'S', kind: 'External validity', title: 'The law is the sport, not football', body: 'A canonical data layer makes the core sport-agnostic — it needs only (probability, odds, outcome) per bet. Plugging in tennis (tennis-data.co.uk, ATP+WTA 2005–2025, 62,865 matches) — a different sport, a two-outcome market with no draw, an independent odds source — and changing no analysis code, the signature reappears. The de-vig stays calibrated (mean favourite probability 0.688 ≈ realised win rate 0.692); the structural law holds, with the favourite bet most negative where the tournament is most lopsided (corr(skew, competitiveness) by tier = −1.00 ATP / −0.98 WTA, vs football’s −0.90; Grand Slams the steepest on both tours); and the underdog is lottery-like at +2.31, all but identical to football’s +2.35. The structural invariance is not an artefact of the 1X2 market or of football — it is a property of the sport as a competitive system.' },
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];
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---
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<ol class="timeline">

study/analysis/48_tennis.py

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"""48 — Frente S: VALIDADE EXTERNA (tênis). A lei skew=f(competitividade) e o
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formato lotérico do azarão são propriedades do ESPORTE, não do futebol?
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Usa a camada canônica (skewlib/canonical + adapters/tennis) — zero ciência nova —
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sobre o snapshot congelado de tênis (ATP+WTA, tennis-data.co.uk; hash em
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data/PROVENANCE-tennis.json). Compara, na MESMA curva, o futebol (38 ligas, de
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findings.json) e o tênis (tiers ATP/WTA).
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Achado: a assinatura reaparece num 2º esporte, com mercado de 2 resultados (sem
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empate) e fonte de odds independente — favorito mais negativo onde o torneio é mais
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desbalanceado; azarão lotérico (~+2.3, como o futebol). A invariância estrutural não
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é um artefato do 1X2 nem do futebol.
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"""
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import hashlib, json
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import numpy as np
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import pandas as pd
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import matplotlib
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matplotlib.use("Agg")
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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from skewlib import canonical, config as C, provenance as prov
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from skewlib.adapters import tennis
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TENNIS = C.DATA_PATH.parent / "tennis.csv"
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PROV = C.DATA_PATH.parent / "PROVENANCE-tennis.json"
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FINDINGS = __import__("pathlib").Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] / "site" / "src" / "data" / "findings.json"
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def _verify_hash():
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want = json.loads(PROV.read_text())["sha256"]
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h = hashlib.sha256()
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with open(TENNIS, "rb") as f:
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for c in iter(lambda: f.read(1 << 20), b""):
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h.update(c)
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got = h.hexdigest()
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assert got == want, f"tennis.csv mudou: {got[:12]} != snapshot {want[:12]}"
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print(f"snapshot OK — sha256 {got[:12]} == PROVENANCE-tennis.json", flush=True)
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def main():
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_verify_hash()
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raw = pd.read_csv(TENNIS, low_memory=False)
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# assinatura global + calibração (o de-vig é confiável em tênis?)
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can = tennis.to_canonical(raw)
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canonical.validate(can)
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n = can.event_id.nunique()
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fav = canonical.select(can, "fav"); dog = canonical.select(can, "dog")
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sf = canonical.signature(fav, "fav"); sd = canonical.signature(dog, "dog")
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calib_p, calib_w = float(fav.p.mean()), float(fav.won.mean())
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print(f"\nTÊNIS — {n:,} partidas (ATP+WTA), mercado match_odds (2 resultados):")
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print(f" favorito skew = {sf['skew']:+.3f} | azarão skew = {sd['skew']:+.3f}")
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print(f" calibração: p_fav médio {calib_p:.3f} ≈ vitória real do favorito {calib_w:.3f}")
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# a lei por tier, por tour
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tiers = []
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law = {}
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for tour in ["ATP", "WTA"]:
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bt = canonical.bettype_by(tennis.to_canonical(raw[raw.tour == tour]),
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by="competition", kinds=("fav", "dog"), min_n=800).dropna()
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bt.insert(0, "tour", tour)
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tiers.append(bt)
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law[tour] = float(np.corrcoef(bt.skew_fav, bt.p_fav_mean)[0, 1])
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print(f" lei {tour}: corr(skew_fav, p_fav) por tier = {law[tour]:+.2f} ({len(bt)} tiers)")
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tiers = pd.concat(tiers, ignore_index=True)
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# futebol (findings.json) p/ a sobreposição
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fb = json.loads(FINDINGS.read_text())["bettype"]["leagues"]
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fb = pd.DataFrame(fb)
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C.OUTDIR.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
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tiers.to_csv(C.OUTDIR / "tennis_by_tier.csv", index=False)
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FIG = C.OUTDIR / "fig"; FIG.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
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fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(12, 4.6))
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for a, fcol, tcol, ttl in [(ax[0], "fav", "skew_fav", "favourite bet"),
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(ax[1], "dog", "skew_dog", "underdog bet")]:
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a.scatter(fb.p_fav, fb[fcol], s=26, c="#4a78b5", alpha=.7, label="football leagues (38)")
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a.scatter(tiers.p_fav_mean, tiers[tcol], s=60, marker="D", c="#d9822b",
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edgecolor="#7a4a10", label="tennis tiers (ATP+WTA)")
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a.axhline(0, color="0.85", lw=.8)
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a.set_xlabel("competitiveness (mean favourite probability)")
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a.set_ylabel("ex-ante skewness")
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a.set_title(ttl, fontsize=11); a.legend(frameon=False, fontsize=8)
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fig.suptitle("F35 — external validity: football and tennis on one structural law\n"
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"(favourite falls, underdog rises with imbalance — across sports & markets)", y=1.06)
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fig.tight_layout()
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fig.savefig(FIG / "f35_crosssport.png", dpi=150, bbox_inches="tight"); plt.close(fig)
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print(f"\n -> {FIG / 'f35_crosssport.png'} | {C.OUTDIR / 'tennis_by_tier.csv'}")
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print(" → a lei é do ESPORTE, não do futebol: 2º esporte, mercado de 2 resultados, "
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"odds independentes.")
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prov.write_stamp("48_tennis", metrics={
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"n_matches": int(n), "skew_fav": sf["skew"], "skew_dog": sd["skew"],
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"calib_pfav": calib_p, "calib_winrate": calib_w,
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"law_atp": law["ATP"], "law_wta": law["WTA"]})
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()

study/data/PROVENANCE-tennis.json

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{
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"frozen_utc": "2026-06-23T00:00:00Z",
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"source_url": "http://www.tennis-data.co.uk/{year}{w}/{year}.xlsx",
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"source_note": "tennis-data.co.uk ATP+WTA (HTTP; HTTPS quebrado server-side). ToS restringe redistribuição.",
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"fetch_cmd": "python analysis/00b_fetch_tennis.py --tour both --from 2005 --to 2025",
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"sha256": "2fb2b8a7c1b3fba21d1247a1dd4c980aa52c40b61ddf92916e6181313fcaa488",
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"bytes": 7900966,
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"rows": 63564,
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"tours": [
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"ATP",
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"WTA"
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],
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"date_min": "2012-12-30",
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"date_max": "2025-11-16"
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}

study/docs/FINDINGS.md

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> (radar de tipo de aposta + curva de diversificação + Mahalanobis). 40 fases no
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> ledger. Fronteiras restantes: outros esportes (decisão: futebol exclusivamente) e
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> odds pré-2000 (inexistentes). Lineage em `lineage.json`/`LINEAGE.md`.
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---
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## Fase S — Validade externa: tênis (bloco 48)
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A camada CANÔNICA (`skewlib/canonical.py` + `adapters/`) deixou o núcleo
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sport-agnóstico — só precisa de `(p, o, won)` por aposta. Plugando o **tênis**
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(tennis-data.co.uk, ATP+WTA 2005–2025, snapshot congelado em
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`data/PROVENANCE-tennis.json`), um esporte com mercado de **2 resultados** (sem
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empate) e **fonte de odds independente**, sobre **62.865 partidas** e ZERO ciência
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nova:
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- **Calibração:** p_fav médio **0.688** ≈ vitória real do favorito **0.692** — o
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de-vig é confiável fora do futebol.
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- **A lei reaparece:** skew do favorito mais negativo onde o torneio é mais
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desbalanceado — corr(skew_fav, p_fav) por tier = **−1.00 (ATP)** / **−0.98 (WTA)**
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(futebol −0.90). Grand Slam (mais desbalanceado) tem o favorito mais negativo nos
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dois tours.
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- **O azarão é lotérico:** skew **+2.314** ≈ futebol **+2.349**.
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A invariância estrutural não é artefato do 1X2 nem do futebol: é propriedade do
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ESPORTE como sistema competitivo. Validade externa para o §7 (limitação "um esporte").
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Artefatos: `skewlib/adapters/tennis.py`, `analysis/00b_fetch_tennis.py`,
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`analysis/48_tennis.py`, `outputs/fig/f35_crosssport.png`,
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`outputs/tennis_by_tier.csv`. Núcleo (`canonical`/`skewmeter`) inalterado.
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---
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> **6ª rodada (validade externa)** (2026-06-23): tênis — a lei skew=f(competitividade)
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> e o azarão lotérico reaparecem num 2º esporte (ATP+WTA, mercado de 2 resultados,
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> odds independentes), via a camada canônica sem mudar o núcleo. 41 fases no ledger.
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> Adicionar um esporte = um adaptador (`docs/DATA-SCHEMA.md`). Lineage em
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> `lineage.json`/`LINEAGE.md`.

study/outputs/README.md

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| `open_vs_closed.csv` | open vs closed | skew_exante, p_fav_dv_mean, noll_scully, **closed** (0/1) |
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| `pre2005_by_league.csv` | pre-2005 regime | pre2005, modern, delta (skew levels), n_pre |
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| `bettype_by_league.csv` | every side (Fig f34) | p_fav_mean, **skew_fav / skew_draw / skew_dog** (ex-ante skew of each bet object) |
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| `tennis_by_tier.csv` | external validity (Fig f35) | tour (ATP/WTA), competition (tier), n, p_fav_mean, skew_fav, skew_dog — tennis via the canonical layer |
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| `diversification.csv` | portfolio decay | N (bets in portfolio), skew, skew_pred (≈skew/√N), exkurt, std, bet (fav/dog) |
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| `inplay_conditional.csv` | in-play resolution | state, share, p0_mean, q_cond, skew_cond |
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| `skew_series.csv` | raw realised returns | per-match favourite return (units of stake) |
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study/outputs/tennis_by_tier.csv

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tour,competition,n,p_fav_mean,skew_fav,skew_dog
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ATP,ATP250,13469,0.6662558455910059,-0.5174308029264209,1.684490393865563
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ATP,ATP500,5198,0.6962972777695308,-0.6051840586501614,2.4007143229314614
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ATP,Grand Slam,6217,0.744465756269039,-0.7494086907733004,3.3439503624987568
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ATP,Masters 1000,7265,0.6935660007363933,-0.5894114624652036,2.315531503269567
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WTA,Grand Slam,6413,0.7180369062437427,-0.669910631232631,2.6088067657640863
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WTA,International,7503,0.6733850481352185,-0.5373881203677204,1.8053286413869114
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WTA,Premier,6798,0.675653528242498,-0.5513532577969527,1.8517888175062986
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WTA,WTA1000,3105,0.6802235551477719,-0.5373572003253899,2.00569338396716
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WTA,WTA250,4139,0.6704704130110597,-0.5057402878776375,1.9614652504516417
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WTA,WTA500,2267,0.6721189292960866,-0.5107963500025872,1.8418602894283411

study/run.sh

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&& "$PY" analysis/43_pre2005.py ) \
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|| echo " (puladas — sem rede/fonte canônica; o resto da pipeline está completo)"
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# 7) validade externa (tênis, tennis-data.co.uk via HTTP): baixa só se ausente e
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# roda o bloco 48. Também não aborta a pipeline se a rede/fonte falhar.
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echo
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echo "================================================================"
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echo "==> validade externa (tênis): fetch + bloco 48"
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echo "================================================================"
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( { [ -f data/tennis.csv ] || "$PY" analysis/00b_fetch_tennis.py; } \
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&& "$PY" analysis/48_tennis.py ) \
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|| echo " (pulado — sem tennis.csv/rede/openpyxl; o núcleo está completo)"
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echo
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echo "==> pipeline concluída. Séries/tabelas em outputs/; evidências em lineage.json"

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