@@ -47,9 +47,20 @@ def __init__(
             type (proto_video.VideoBufferType.ValueType): The format type of the video frame data
                 (e.g., RGBA, BGRA, RGB24, etc.).
             data (Union[bytes, bytearray, memoryview]): The raw pixel data for the video frame.
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: If `data` is smaller than a frame of this size and type.
         """
         data = _ensure_compatible_buffer(data)
 
+        min_size = _get_plane_length(type, width, height)
+        data_size = data.nbytes if isinstance(data, memoryview) else len(data)
+        if data_size < min_size:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"data length must be >= {min_size} bytes for a {width}x{height} "
+                f"{proto_video.VideoBufferType.Name(type)} frame, got {data_size}"
+            )
+
         self._width = width
         self._height = height
         self._type = type
 
@@ -63,3 +63,26 @@ def test_get_plane_returns_each_i422_plane() -> None:
     frame = rtc.VideoFrame(w, h, T.I422, y + u + v)
 
     assert [bytes(frame.get_plane(i)) for i in range(3)] == [y, u, v]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "name",
+    ["RGBA", "ABGR", "ARGB", "BGRA", "RGB24", "I420", "I420A", "I422", "I444", "I010", "NV12"],
+)
+def test_frame_rejects_data_shorter_than_the_format_needs(name: str) -> None:
+    t, w, h = getattr(T, name), 5, 3
+    length = video_frame._get_plane_length(t, w, h)
+
+    rtc.VideoFrame(w, h, t, bytearray(length))
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        rtc.VideoFrame(w, h, t, bytearray(length - 1))
+
+
+def test_frame_measures_a_memoryview_in_bytes() -> None:
+    w, h = 4, 3
+    pixels = memoryview(bytearray(w * h * 4))
+
+    rtc.VideoFrame(w, h, T.RGBA, pixels.cast("B", shape=[h, w, 4]))
+    rtc.VideoFrame(w, h, T.RGBA, pixels.cast("I"))
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        rtc.VideoFrame(w, h, T.RGBA, pixels[:-4].cast("I"))