composer(deps-dev): bump phpstan/phpstan from 2.2.17 to 2.3.1 (#2033)

Bumps [phpstan/phpstan](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan-phar-composer-source) from 2.2.17 to 2.3.1.
- [Commits](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan-phar-composer-source/commits)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: phpstan/phpstan
  dependency-version: 2.3.1
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: dependabot[bot]

composer.json

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
         "ext-curl": "*",
         "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "^3.95.27",
         "phpstan/extension-installer": "^1.4",
-        "phpstan/phpstan": "^2.2",
+        "phpstan/phpstan": "^2.3",
         "phpstan/phpstan-phpunit": "^2.0",
         "phpunit/phpunit": "^11.5.50"
     },