Merge pull request #5770 from robertoffmoura/rm/fix-contour-plot

Fix conversion of matplotlib contour lines

Author: camdecoster

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
 - Fix `mpl_to_plotly` crashing on figures with fully transparent or alpha-carrying colors, such as boxplot outlier markers (`facecolor="none"`), rgba line colors, and `color="none"` text and axis labels; all matplotlib colors are now exported through a single helper that maps `"none"` to transparent rgba and keeps or overrides alpha as matplotlib does [[#5700](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/pull/5700)], with thanks to @robertoffmoura for the contribution!
 - Export tick label colors to the plotly tickfont in `mpl_to_plotly` [[#5716](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/pull/5716)], with thanks to @robertoffmoura for the contribution!
 - Fix `px.sunburst`, `px.treemap` and `px.icicle` listing sectors in a different order on every run when `path` is used with a Polars DataFrame; sectors now follow their order of first appearance for all dataframe backends [[#5766](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/pull/5766)], with thanks to @Irahan2 for the contribution!
+- Fix `mpl_to_plotly` conversion of matplotlib contour lines and line collections: close contour rings ending with `Z` codes, support dash styles, convert date x-axes, separate disjoint subpaths with `None` separators, hide line collection traces from the legend by default, and group consecutive same-style lines into single traces [[#5770](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/pull/5770)], with thanks to @robertoffmoura for the contribution!
 
 ## [7.1.0] - 2026-09-15
 

plotly/matplotlylib/mplexporter/exporter.py

@@ -282,6 +282,7 @@ def draw_collection(
             "linewidth": collection.get_linewidths(),
             "facecolor": collection.get_facecolors(),
             "edgecolor": collection.get_edgecolors(),
+            "linestyle": collection.get_linestyle(),
             "alpha": collection._alpha,
             "zorder": collection.get_zorder(),
         }

plotly/matplotlylib/renderer.py

@@ -17,6 +17,39 @@
 from plotly.matplotlylib.mpltools import _export_color
 
 
+def _per_path(values, i, default):
+    """Return the style value for the i-th path of a path collection.
+
+    A scalar (or string) value applies to every path, a sequence is cycled
+    through like matplotlib does, and None or an empty sequence yields
+    `default`.
+    """
+    if isinstance(values, str):
+        return values
+    if values is None:
+        return default
+    try:
+        n = len(values)
+    except TypeError:
+        return values
+    return values[i % n] if n else default
+
+
+def _convert_collection_dash(linestyle):
+    """Convert a matplotlib collection line style to a plotly dash string.
+
+    Collections report line styles as (offset, dashes) tuples, with dashes
+    in points and already scaled by line width (None for solid lines). Line
+    widths are exported with their point values used as px, so the dashes
+    are exported the same way, which keeps matplotlib's dash-to-width ratio.
+    plotly has no dash offset, so the offset is dropped.
+    """
+    dashes = linestyle[1] if linestyle is not None else None
+    if not dashes:
+        return "solid"
+    return ",".join("{0:g}px".format(d) for d in dashes)
+
+
 class PlotlyRenderer(Renderer):
     """A renderer class inheriting from base for rendering mpl plots in plotly.
 
@@ -562,6 +595,7 @@ def draw_path_collection(self, **props):
         'linewidth',            (one or more linewidths)
         'facecolor',            (one or more facecolors for path)
         'edgecolor',            (one or more edgecolors for path)
+        'linestyle',            (one or more (offset, dashes) line styles)
         'alpha',                (one or more opacites for path)
         'zorder',               (precedence when stacked)
         ]
@@ -580,8 +614,13 @@ def draw_path_collection(self, **props):
             self.msg += "    Drawing path collection as markers\n"
             self.draw_marked_line(**scatter_props)
         elif props["path_coordinates"] == "data":
-            self.msg += "    Drawing path collection as filled polygons\n"
-            self._draw_filled_path_collection(props)
+            if len(props["styles"]["facecolor"]) == 0:
+                # no face colors: a line collection (e.g. contour lines)
+                self.msg += "    Drawing path collection as lines\n"
+                self._draw_line_collection(props)
+            else:
+                self.msg += "    Drawing path collection as filled polygons\n"
+                self._draw_filled_path_collection(props)
         else:
             self.msg += "    Path collection not linked to 'data', not drawing\n"
             warnings.warn(
@@ -591,27 +630,109 @@ def draw_path_collection(self, **props):
                 "collections linked to 'data' coordinates"
             )
 
+    def _draw_line_collection(self, props):
+        """Draw a path collection without face colors (e.g. contour lines)
+        as plain lines, grouping consecutive same-style paths into single traces."""
+        edgecolors = mpltools.convert_rgba_array(props["styles"]["edgecolor"])
+        linewidths = mpltools.convert_linewidth_array(props["styles"]["linewidth"])
+        linestyles = props["styles"].get("linestyle")
+
+        current_style = None
+        grouped_x = []
+        grouped_y = []
+
+        def flush():
+            if current_style is not None and grouped_x:
+                ec, lw, d = current_style
+                self.plotly_fig.add_trace(
+                    go.Scatter(
+                        x=grouped_x,
+                        y=grouped_y,
+                        mode="lines",
+                        showlegend=False,
+                        line=go.scatter.Line(
+                            color=_export_color(ec),
+                            width=lw,
+                            dash=d,
+                        ),
+                        xaxis="x{0}".format(self.axis_ct),
+                        yaxis="y{0}".format(self.axis_ct),
+                    )
+                )
+
+        for i, (verts, codes) in enumerate(props["paths"]):
+            # a path may contain several disjoint lines (e.g. contour lines
+            # of the same level); separate disjoint subpaths with None so
+            # plotly does not connect them.
+            # In SVG paths, codes carry different numbers of vertices:
+            # M/L: 1, C: 3 (cubic curve), S: 2 (smooth/quad curve), Z: 0.
+            code_steps = {"M": 1, "L": 1, "C": 3, "S": 2, "Z": 0}
+            subpaths = []
+            current = []
+            closed = False
+            vi = 0
+            for c in codes:
+                step = code_steps.get(c, 1)
+                if c == "M":
+                    if current:
+                        subpaths.append((current, closed))
+                    current = [verts[vi]]
+                    closed = False
+                    vi += 1
+                elif c == "Z":
+                    closed = True
+                else:
+                    current.extend(verts[vi : vi + step])
+                    vi += step
+            if current:
+                subpaths.append((current, closed))
+            path_x = []
+            path_y = []
+            for sub, closed in subpaths:
+                if len(sub) < 2:
+                    continue
+                # a closed subpath (Z code) must be closed explicitly since
+                # plotly's lines mode does not close the loop
+                if closed:
+                    sub = sub + [sub[0]]
+                sub_x = self._convert_x_dates([v[0] for v in sub])
+                sub_y = [v[1] for v in sub]
+                if path_x:
+                    path_x.append(None)
+                    path_y.append(None)
+                path_x.extend(sub_x)
+                path_y.extend(sub_y)
+            if not path_x:
+                continue
+
+            edgecolor = _per_path(edgecolors, i, "rgba(0,0,0,0)")
+            linewidth = _per_path(linewidths, i, 0)
+            dash = _convert_collection_dash(_per_path(linestyles, i, None))
+            style = (edgecolor, linewidth, dash)
+
+            if style != current_style:
+                flush()
+                current_style = style
+                grouped_x = list(path_x)
+                grouped_y = list(path_y)
+            else:
+                grouped_x.append(None)
+                grouped_y.append(None)
+                grouped_x.extend(path_x)
+                grouped_y.extend(path_y)
+
+        flush()
+
     def _draw_filled_path_collection(self, props):
         """Draw a path collection (e.g. violin plot bodies) as filled polygons."""
         facecolors = mpltools.convert_rgba_array(props["styles"]["facecolor"])
         edgecolors = mpltools.convert_rgba_array(props["styles"]["edgecolor"])
         linewidths = mpltools.convert_linewidth_array(props["styles"]["linewidth"])
 
-        def per_path(colors, i, default):
-            if isinstance(colors, str):
-                return colors
-            if colors is None:
-                return default
-            try:
-                n = len(colors)
-            except TypeError:
-                return colors
-            return colors[i % n] if n else default
-
         for i, (verts, codes) in enumerate(props["paths"]):
-            facecolor = per_path(facecolors, i, "rgba(0,0,0,0)")
-            edgecolor = per_path(edgecolors, i, "rgba(0,0,0,0)")
-            linewidth = per_path(linewidths, i, 0)
+            facecolor = _per_path(facecolors, i, "rgba(0,0,0,0)")
+            edgecolor = _per_path(edgecolors, i, "rgba(0,0,0,0)")
+            linewidth = _per_path(linewidths, i, 0)
             self.plotly_fig.add_trace(
                 go.Scatter(
                     x=self._convert_x_dates([v[0] for v in verts]),