Replace deprecated utcnow() and utcfromtimestamp() with timezone-aware equivalents (#967)

* Replace deprecated utcnow() and utcfromtimestamp() with timezone-aware equivalents

Python 3.12 deprecated `datetime.utcnow()` and `datetime.utcfromtimestamp()`;
both are scheduled for removal in a future Python version. This change
replaces all internal uses with the non-deprecated, behavior-preserving
equivalents:

- `datetime.now(timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)` for `datetime.utcnow()`
- `datetime.fromtimestamp(t, tz=timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)` for
  `datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t)`

This eliminates 4 DeprecationWarnings from the test suite without
changing any public behavior. The existing test suite continues to pass
(1830 passed) with `-W error::DeprecationWarning`.

* Add regression coverage for utcfromtimestamp behavior

The existing test_utcfromtimestamp only exercises t=0, which incidentally
gives back a value where every field happens to be zero. That makes it
weak against regressions in field handling, microsecond preservation,
and return-type semantics.

Add three focused tests that lock those down without changing or
removing any existing behavior:

- test_utcfromtimestamp_known_value: asserts that a specific non-zero
  Unix timestamp (1577836800 = 2020-01-01T00:00:00 UTC) produces the
  expected year/month/day/hour/minute/second/microsecond values.

- test_utcfromtimestamp_preserves_microseconds: asserts that a fractional
  timestamp passes its microseconds through to the resulting DateTime,
  protecting the precision contract of the method.

- test_utcfromtimestamp_returns_naive_pendulum_datetime: asserts that
  the returned object is a pendulum.DateTime instance and is naive
  (tzinfo is None), which is the documented behavior the method has had
  before and after the deprecation cleanup in this PR.

All three tests are additions; no existing test is modified or removed.
Full suite: 1833 passed, 5 skipped (was 1830 passed) with
-W error::DeprecationWarning.

Author: ADiTyaRaj8969

src/pendulum/datetime.py

@@ -1257,7 +1257,12 @@ def fromtimestamp(cls, t: float, tz: datetime.tzinfo | None = None) -> Self:
 
     @classmethod
     def utcfromtimestamp(cls, t: float) -> Self:
-        return cls.instance(datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t), tz=None)
+        return cls.instance(
+            datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(t, tz=datetime.timezone.utc).replace(
+                tzinfo=None
+            ),
+            tz=None,
+        )
 
     @classmethod
     def fromordinal(cls, n: int) -> Self:

tests/datetime/test_behavior.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 from datetime import date
 from datetime import datetime
 from datetime import time
+from datetime import timezone as datetime_timezone
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -102,11 +103,39 @@ def test_fromtimestamp():
 
 def test_utcfromtimestamp():
     p = pendulum.DateTime.utcfromtimestamp(0)
-    dt = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(0)
+    dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(0, tz=datetime_timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)
 
     assert p == dt
 
 
+def test_utcfromtimestamp_known_value():
+    p = pendulum.DateTime.utcfromtimestamp(1577836800)
+
+    assert p.year == 2020
+    assert p.month == 1
+    assert p.day == 1
+    assert p.hour == 0
+    assert p.minute == 0
+    assert p.second == 0
+    assert p.microsecond == 0
+
+
+def test_utcfromtimestamp_preserves_microseconds():
+    p = pendulum.DateTime.utcfromtimestamp(1577836800.123456)
+
+    assert p.year == 2020
+    assert p.month == 1
+    assert p.day == 1
+    assert p.microsecond == 123456
+
+
+def test_utcfromtimestamp_returns_naive_pendulum_datetime():
+    p = pendulum.DateTime.utcfromtimestamp(1577836800)
+
+    assert isinstance(p, pendulum.DateTime)
+    assert p.tzinfo is None
+
+
 def test_fromordinal():
     assert datetime.fromordinal(730120) == pendulum.DateTime.fromordinal(730120)
 

tests/datetime/test_construct.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import os
 
 from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timezone as datetime_timezone
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ def test_creates_an_instance_default_to_utcnow():
 def test_setting_timezone():
     tz = "Australia/Brisbane"
     dtz = timezone(tz)
-    dt = datetime.utcnow()
+    dt = datetime.now(datetime_timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)
     offset = dtz.convert(dt).utcoffset().total_seconds() / 3600
 
     p = pendulum.datetime(dt.year, dt.month, dt.day, tz=dtz)
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ def test_setting_timezone():
 def test_setting_timezone_with_string():
     tz = "Australia/Brisbane"
     dtz = timezone(tz)
-    dt = datetime.utcnow()
+    dt = datetime.now(datetime_timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)
     offset = dtz.convert(dt).utcoffset().total_seconds() / 3600
 
     p = pendulum.datetime(dt.year, dt.month, dt.day, tz=tz)