diff --git a/news/changelog-1.11.md b/news/changelog-1.11.md
index e5a1c1f3db8..4b9c334c4ba 100644
--- a/news/changelog-1.11.md
+++ b/news/changelog-1.11.md
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ All changes included in 1.11:
 
 - ([#11683](https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/11683)): Fix `unknown font family` warnings, and wrong fonts, when a `font-family` list or brand typography uses a CSS generic family (`serif`, `sans-serif`, `monospace`, `cursive`, `fantasy`, `math`, `system-ui`, `ui-*`). Typst has no generic families, so each one is now replaced by the first installed font from a list of well-known candidates, and the keyword is no longer passed to Typst. No fonts are bundled.
 - ([#14081](https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/14081)): Support `lof` and `lot` in Typst documents, which previously had no effect. The list titles follow `lang` and can be set with `crossref: lof-title` and `lot-title`.
+- ([#14290](https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/14290)): Fix `proof`, `remark` and `solution` blocks in Typst output, which rendered as plain text and could not be cross-referenced. They now use the same frames as theorems. Theorem and proof titles set in the language files may now contain Typst markup characters, and a `style` attribute on a theorem or proof now applies in Typst too. (author: @mcanouil)
 - ([#14847](https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/pull/14847)): Fix `toc_title` auto-fallback in typst outline template that was ignoring the computed fallback value when `toc_title` is `none`.
 - ([#14947](https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/14947)): Fix Typst compilation failing with `invalid number suffix: px` when an image with alt text (`fig-alt`, `alt`, or an inline image caption) has its `width` or `height` in pixels. These images are now written by Pandoc's Typst writer like other images, which also fixes URL-encoded image paths and unsupported size units for them.
 
diff --git a/src/resources/filters/customnodes/proof.lua b/src/resources/filters/customnodes/proof.lua
index 6d700c0664d..b1e5a1bb5a4 100644
--- a/src/resources/filters/customnodes/proof.lua
+++ b/src/resources/filters/customnodes/proof.lua
@@ -61,6 +61,36 @@ _quarto.ast.add_handler({
   end
 })
 
+-- Color mapping for clouds/rainbow themes (per proof type)
+local proof_theme_colors = {
+  proof = "gray", remark = "orange", solution = "teal"
+}
+
+-- A proof is numbered only when its identifier is a crossref id (`prf-`,
+-- `rem-` or `sol-`).
+local function is_numbered_proof(identifier)
+  local ref = identifier and refType(identifier)
+  return ref ~= nil and crossref.categories.by_ref_type[ref] ~= nil
+end
+
+local function ensure_typst_proofs(proof_env)
+  local appearance = _quarto.modules.theorems.ensure_appearance_imports()
+  local proof_info = proof_types[proof_env]
+  local title = envTitle(proof_env, proof_info.title)
+  local render_code = _quarto.modules.theorems.render_code(appearance, {
+    color_scheme = "tertiary",
+    color = proof_theme_colors[proof_env] or "gray",
+    simple_render = "simple-proof-render",
+    simple_style = "proof",
+  })
+
+  -- the simple renderer writes the header in italic, like LaTeX and HTML;
+  -- the other appearances keep theorion's bold header, as theorems do
+  local bold = appearance ~= "simple"
+  _quarto.modules.theorems.ensure_frame(proof_env, title, render_code, bold)
+  return bold
+end
+
 function is_proof_div(div)
   local ref = refType(div.identifier)
   if ref ~= nil then
@@ -141,6 +171,40 @@ end, function(proof_tbl)
     end
   elseif _quarto.format.isJatsOutput() then
     el = jatsTheorem(el,  nil, name )
+  elseif _quarto.format.isTypstOutput() then
+    -- a block holding only a title still needs its frame, so that its label
+    -- exists for references; theorems do the same
+    if #el.content == 0 then
+      el.content = pandoc.Blocks({pandoc.Para({pandoc.Str '\u{a0}'})})
+    end
+    local bold = ensure_typst_proofs(proof.env)
+    local preamble = pandoc.Plain({pandoc.RawInline("typst", "#" .. proof.env .. "(")})
+    local numbered = is_numbered_proof(proof_tbl.identifier)
+    if not numbered then
+      -- theorion steps the counter and prints the number only for
+      -- `number: auto`, and its prefix would keep a space before the empty
+      -- number, so an unnumbered block pins both
+      preamble.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst",
+        'number: "", get-prefix: (..args) => ' ..
+        _quarto.modules.theorems.header_code(envTitle(proof.env, proof.title), bold)))
+    end
+    if name and #name > 0 then
+      if not numbered then
+        preamble.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst", ", "))
+      end
+      preamble.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst", 'title: ['))
+      tappend(preamble.content, name)
+      preamble.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst", ']'))
+    end
+    preamble.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst", ")["))
+    local callproof = make_scaffold(pandoc.Div, preamble)
+    tappend(callproof.content, quarto.utils.as_blocks(el.content))
+    if proof_tbl.identifier and proof_tbl.identifier ~= "" then
+      callproof.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst", "] <" .. proof_tbl.identifier .. ">"))
+    else
+      callproof.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst", "]"))
+    end
+    return _quarto.modules.theorems.keep_attributes(callproof, el.attr.attributes)
   else
     el.classes:insert(proof.title:lower())
     local span_title = pandoc.Emph(pandoc.Str(envTitle(proof.env, proof.title)))
@@ -176,4 +240,4 @@ end, function(proof_tbl)
 
   return el
 
-end)
\ No newline at end of file
+end)
diff --git a/src/resources/filters/customnodes/theorem.lua b/src/resources/filters/customnodes/theorem.lua
index 29c222aae51..207b4959322 100644
--- a/src/resources/filters/customnodes/theorem.lua
+++ b/src/resources/filters/customnodes/theorem.lua
@@ -93,115 +93,30 @@ _quarto.ast.add_handler({
   end
 })
 
--- Get theorem-appearance option (simple, fancy, clouds, rainbow)
-local function get_theorem_appearance()
-  local appearance = option("theorem-appearance", "simple")
-  if appearance ~= nil and type(appearance) == "table" then
-    appearance = pandoc.utils.stringify(appearance)
-  end
-  return appearance or "simple"
-end
-
 -- Color mapping for clouds/rainbow themes (per theorem type)
 local theme_colors = {
   thm = "red", lem = "teal", cor = "navy", prp = "blue",
   cnj = "navy", def = "olive", exm = "green", exr = "purple", alg = "maroon"
 }
 
-local included_typst_theorems = false
-local letted_typst_theorem = {}
 local function ensure_typst_theorems(reftype)
-  local appearance = get_theorem_appearance()
-
-  if not included_typst_theorems then
-    included_typst_theorems = true
-
-    if appearance == "fancy" then
-      -- Import theorion's make-frame and fancy-box theming
-      quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
-#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame, cosmos
-#import cosmos.fancy: fancy-box, set-primary-border-color, set-primary-body-color, set-secondary-border-color, set-secondary-body-color, set-tertiary-border-color, set-tertiary-body-color, get-primary-border-color, get-primary-body-color, get-secondary-border-color, get-secondary-body-color, get-tertiary-border-color, get-tertiary-body-color
-]])
-      -- Set theorem colors from brand-color (runs in before-body, after brand-color is defined)
-      quarto.doc.include_text("before-body", [[
-#set-primary-border-color(brand-color.at("primary", default: green.darken(30%)))
-#set-primary-body-color(brand-color.at("primary", default: green).lighten(90%))
-#set-secondary-border-color(brand-color.at("secondary", default: orange))
-#set-secondary-body-color(brand-color.at("secondary", default: orange).lighten(90%))
-#set-tertiary-border-color(brand-color.at("tertiary", default: blue.darken(30%)))
-#set-tertiary-body-color(brand-color.at("tertiary", default: blue).lighten(90%))
-]])
-    elseif appearance == "clouds" then
-      -- Import theorion's make-frame and clouds render function
-      quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
-#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame, cosmos
-#import cosmos.clouds: render-fn as clouds-render
-]])
-    elseif appearance == "rainbow" then
-      -- Import theorion's make-frame and rainbow render function
-      quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
-#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame, cosmos
-#import cosmos.rainbow: render-fn as rainbow-render
-]])
-    else -- simple (default)
-      -- Import only make-frame and define simple render function
-      quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
-#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame
-
-// Simple theorem render: bold title with period, italic body
-#let simple-theorem-render(prefix: none, title: "", full-title: auto, body) = {
-  if full-title != "" and full-title != auto and full-title != none {
-    strong[#full-title.]
-    h(0.5em)
-  }
-  emph(body)
-  parbreak()
-}
-]])
-    end
-  end
-
-  if not letted_typst_theorem[reftype] then
-    letted_typst_theorem[reftype] = true
-    local theorem_type = theorem_types[reftype]
-    local title = titleString(reftype, theorem_type.title)
-
-    -- Build render code based on appearance
-    local render_code
-    if appearance == "fancy" then
-      -- Map theorem styles to color schemes (primary=definitions, secondary=theorems, tertiary=propositions)
-      local color_scheme = "secondary" -- default for most theorem types
-      if theorem_type.style == "definition" then
-        color_scheme = "primary"
-      elseif reftype == "prp" then
-        color_scheme = "tertiary"
-      end
-      render_code = "  render: fancy-box.with(\n" ..
-        "    get-border-color: get-" .. color_scheme .. "-border-color,\n" ..
-        "    get-body-color: get-" .. color_scheme .. "-body-color,\n" ..
-        "    get-symbol: loc => none,\n" ..
-        "  ),\n"
-    elseif appearance == "clouds" then
-      local color = theme_colors[reftype] or "gray"
-      render_code = "  render: clouds-render.with(fill: " .. color .. ".lighten(85%)),\n"
-    elseif appearance == "rainbow" then
-      local color = theme_colors[reftype] or "gray"
-      render_code = "  render: rainbow-render.with(fill: " .. color .. ".darken(20%)),\n"
-    else -- simple
-      render_code = "  render: simple-theorem-render,\n"
-    end
-
-    -- Use theorion's make-frame with appropriate render
-    quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", "#let (" .. theorem_type.env .. "-counter, " .. theorem_type.env .. "-box, " ..
-      theorem_type.env .. ", show-" .. theorem_type.env .. ") = make-frame(\n" ..
-      "  \"" .. theorem_type.env .. "\",\n" ..
-      "  text(weight: \"bold\")[" .. title .. "],\n" ..
-      "  inherited-levels: theorem-inherited-levels,\n" ..
-      "  numbering: theorem-numbering,\n" ..
-      render_code ..
-      ")")
-    quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", "#show: show-" .. theorem_type.env)
+  local appearance = _quarto.modules.theorems.ensure_appearance_imports()
+  local theorem_type = theorem_types[reftype]
+  local title = titleString(reftype, theorem_type.title)
+  local color_scheme = "secondary"
+  if theorem_type.style == "definition" then
+    color_scheme = "primary"
+  elseif reftype == "prp" then
+    color_scheme = "tertiary"
   end
+  local render_code = _quarto.modules.theorems.render_code(appearance, {
+    color_scheme = color_scheme,
+    color = theme_colors[reftype] or "gray",
+    simple_render = "simple-theorem-render",
+    simple_style = "theorem",
+  })
+
+  _quarto.modules.theorems.ensure_frame(theorem_type.env, title, render_code, true)
 end
 
 
@@ -267,7 +182,7 @@ end, function(thm)
     local callthm = make_scaffold(pandoc.Div, preamble)
     tappend(callthm.content, quarto.utils.as_blocks(el.content))
     callthm.content:insert(pandoc.RawInline("typst", "] <" .. el.attr.identifier .. ">"))
-    return callthm
+    return _quarto.modules.theorems.keep_attributes(callthm, el.attr.attributes)
 
   else
     -- order might be nil in the case of an ipynb rendering in
diff --git a/src/resources/filters/modules/import_all.lua b/src/resources/filters/modules/import_all.lua
index b642911129f..78512ac6a15 100644
--- a/src/resources/filters/modules/import_all.lua
+++ b/src/resources/filters/modules/import_all.lua
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ _quarto.modules = {
   scope = require("modules/scope"),
   string = require("modules/string"),
   tablecolwidths = require("modules/tablecolwidths"),
+  theorems = require("modules/theorems"),
   typst = require("modules/typst"),
   listtable = require("modules/listtable"),
   tableutils = require("modules/tableutils"),
diff --git a/src/resources/filters/modules/theorems.lua b/src/resources/filters/modules/theorems.lua
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a0217ce2364
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/resources/filters/modules/theorems.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+-- theorems.lua
+-- Shared Typst theorem/proof setup logic using theorion
+-- Copyright (C) 2026 Posit Software, PBC
+
+local typst_theorem_appearance_imported = false
+local typst_theorem_like_frames = {}
+local typst_simple_renderers = {}
+
+local function appearance()
+  local val = option("theorem-appearance", "simple")
+  if type(val) == "table" then
+    val = pandoc.utils.stringify(val)
+  end
+  return val or "simple"
+end
+
+local function ensure_appearance_imports()
+  local val = appearance()
+  if typst_theorem_appearance_imported then
+    return val
+  end
+
+  typst_theorem_appearance_imported = true
+  if val == "fancy" then
+    quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
+#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame, cosmos
+#import cosmos.fancy: fancy-box, set-primary-border-color, set-primary-body-color, set-secondary-border-color, set-secondary-body-color, set-tertiary-border-color, set-tertiary-body-color, get-primary-border-color, get-primary-body-color, get-secondary-border-color, get-secondary-body-color, get-tertiary-border-color, get-tertiary-body-color
+]])
+    quarto.doc.include_text("before-body", [[
+#set-primary-border-color(brand-color.at("primary", default: green.darken(30%)))
+#set-primary-body-color(brand-color.at("primary", default: green).lighten(90%))
+#set-secondary-border-color(brand-color.at("secondary", default: orange))
+#set-secondary-body-color(brand-color.at("secondary", default: orange).lighten(90%))
+#set-tertiary-border-color(brand-color.at("tertiary", default: blue.darken(30%)))
+#set-tertiary-body-color(brand-color.at("tertiary", default: blue).lighten(90%))
+]])
+  elseif val == "clouds" then
+    quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
+#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame, cosmos
+#import cosmos.clouds: render-fn as clouds-render
+]])
+  elseif val == "rainbow" then
+    quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
+#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame, cosmos
+#import cosmos.rainbow: render-fn as rainbow-render
+]])
+  else
+    quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", [[
+#import "@preview/theorion:0.4.1": make-frame
+]])
+  end
+
+  return val
+end
+
+-- Defines a simple renderer once. The "theorem" style writes a bold header and
+-- an italic body; the "proof" style writes an italic header and an upright
+-- body, with the name in brackets, as amsthm and the HTML output do.
+local function ensure_simple_render(render_name, style)
+  if typst_simple_renderers[render_name] then
+    return
+  end
+
+  typst_simple_renderers[render_name] = true
+  if style == "proof" then
+    quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", "#let " .. render_name .. [[(prefix: none, title: "", full-title: auto, body) = {
+  emph(prefix)
+  if title != "" and title != none [ (#title)]
+  [. ]
+  body
+  parbreak()
+}
+]])
+    return
+  end
+
+  quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", "#let " .. render_name .. [[(prefix: none, title: "", full-title: auto, body) = {
+  if full-title != "" and full-title != auto and full-title != none {
+    strong[#full-title.]
+    h(0.5em)
+  }
+  emph(body)
+  parbreak()
+}
+]])
+end
+
+-- Writes text as a Typst string literal, so that titles from the language
+-- files reach the page as written instead of being read as Typst markup.
+local function typst_string(text)
+  return '"' .. text:gsub("\\", "\\\\"):gsub('"', '\\"') .. '"'
+end
+
+-- Returns the `render:` argument of make-frame for the theorem appearance.
+-- opts.color_scheme: fancy color set (primary, secondary or tertiary)
+-- opts.color: clouds and rainbow fill color
+-- opts.simple_render, opts.simple_style: name and style ("theorem" or "proof")
+-- of the simple renderer
+local function render_code(appearance_name, opts)
+  if appearance_name == "fancy" then
+    return "  render: fancy-box.with(\n" ..
+      "    get-border-color: get-" .. opts.color_scheme .. "-border-color,\n" ..
+      "    get-body-color: get-" .. opts.color_scheme .. "-body-color,\n" ..
+      "    get-symbol: loc => none,\n" ..
+      "  ),\n"
+  elseif appearance_name == "clouds" then
+    return "  render: clouds-render.with(fill: " .. opts.color .. ".lighten(85%)),\n"
+  elseif appearance_name == "rainbow" then
+    return "  render: rainbow-render.with(fill: " .. opts.color .. ".darken(20%)),\n"
+  end
+  ensure_simple_render(opts.simple_render, opts.simple_style)
+  return "  render: " .. opts.simple_render .. ",\n"
+end
+
+-- Returns the Typst code for a frame header: bold, or plain for blocks whose
+-- renderer styles the header itself.
+local function header_code(title, bold)
+  if bold then
+    return 'text(weight: "bold", ' .. typst_string(title) .. ')'
+  end
+  return typst_string(title)
+end
+
+local function ensure_frame(env_name, title, render_arg, bold)
+  if typst_theorem_like_frames[env_name] then
+    return
+  end
+
+  typst_theorem_like_frames[env_name] = true
+  quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", "#let (" .. env_name .. "-counter, " .. env_name .. "-box, " ..
+    env_name .. ", show-" .. env_name .. ") = make-frame(\n" ..
+    "  \"" .. env_name .. "\",\n" ..
+    "  " .. header_code(title, bold) .. ",\n" ..
+    "  inherited-levels: theorem-inherited-levels,\n" ..
+    "  numbering: theorem-numbering,\n" ..
+    render_arg ..
+    ")")
+  quarto.doc.include_text("in-header", "#show: show-" .. env_name)
+end
+
+-- Keeps the block's attributes, such as `style`, on a wrapper div, so the Typst
+-- CSS support turns them into a block around the frame, as for other divs.
+local function keep_attributes(frame, attributes)
+  if #attributes > 0 then
+    return pandoc.Div({frame}, pandoc.Attr("", {}, attributes))
+  end
+  return frame
+end
+
+return {
+  ensure_appearance_imports = ensure_appearance_imports,
+  ensure_frame = ensure_frame,
+  header_code = header_code,
+  keep_attributes = keep_attributes,
+  render_code = render_code,
+}
diff --git a/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/02/04/issue-13992-proof.qmd b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/02/04/issue-13992-proof.qmd
index 00db55838c3..3814834f8e3 100644
--- a/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/02/04/issue-13992-proof.qmd
+++ b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/02/04/issue-13992-proof.qmd
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ _quarto:
         - ['Proof content visible']
     typst:
       ensureTypstFileRegexMatches:
-        - ['#emph\[Proof\]\\?\. Proof content visible']
+        - ['#proof\(', 'Proof content visible']
         - []
 ---
 
diff --git a/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290-simple-style.qmd b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290-simple-style.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ffdee89c414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290-simple-style.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+title: "Proof-like blocks keep the LaTeX style in the simple appearance"
+format: typst
+keep-typ: true
+_quarto:
+  tests:
+    typst:
+      ensureTypstFileRegexMatches:
+        -
+          # the header is italic and the body upright, as in LaTeX and HTML
+          - '#let simple-proof-render\(prefix: none, title: "", full-title: auto, body\) = \{(\r\n?|\n)\s*emph\(prefix\)'
+          - 'make-frame\((\r\n?|\n)\s*"proof",(\r\n?|\n)\s*"Proof",'
+          - 'make-frame\((\r\n?|\n)\s*"remark",(\r\n?|\n)\s*"Remark",'
+          - '#proof\(number: "", get-prefix: \(\.\.args\) => "Proof"\)\['
+          # theorems keep the bold header
+          - 'make-frame\((\r\n?|\n)\s*"theorem",(\r\n?|\n)\s*text\(weight: "bold", "Theorem"\),'
+          # attributes on the block still reach the output
+          - '#block\(fill: yellow\)\[(\r\n?|\n)#set text\(fill: red\);(\r\n?|\n)#proof\('
+          - '#block\(fill: aqua\)\[(\r\n?|\n)#set text\(fill: blue\);(\r\n?|\n)#theorem\(\)\['
+        -
+          - 'text\(weight: "bold", "Proof"\)'
+          - 'text\(weight: "bold", "Remark"\)'
+      ensurePdfRegexMatches:
+        -
+          - 'Remark 1 \(Named\)\. A numbered remark'
+          - 'Proof\. An unnumbered proof'
+        - []
+---
+
+In the `simple` appearance, which the documentation describes as classic
+LaTeX style, `proof`, `remark` and `solution` headers are italic with an
+upright body, as amsthm and the HTML output write them. Theorems keep a bold
+header. A `style` attribute on a proof or a theorem still reaches the Typst
+output.
+
+::: {#thm-a}
+A theorem.
+:::
+
+::: {.proof}
+An unnumbered proof.
+:::
+
+::: {#rem-a}
+## Named
+A numbered remark.
+:::
+
+::: {.proof style="background-color: yellow; color: red"}
+A styled proof.
+:::
+
+::: {#thm-b style="background-color: aqua; color: blue"}
+A styled theorem.
+:::
+
+See @rem-a.
diff --git a/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290-title-markup.qmd b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290-title-markup.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..62202e6b964
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290-title-markup.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+---
+title: "Theorem and proof titles that hold Typst markup"
+format: typst
+language:
+  crossref-thm-title: "Thm #y [*x*]"
+  environment-proof-title: "Pf #y [*x*] \"q\""
+_quarto:
+  tests:
+    typst:
+      ensurePdfRegexMatches:
+        -
+          - 'Thm #y \[\*x\*\] 1\. A theorem'
+          - 'Pf #y \[\*x\*\] "q"\. An unnumbered proof'
+        - []
+---
+
+Theorem and proof titles come from the language files, so an author can put
+any text in them. The titles are written into the Typst frame definitions and
+the unnumbered proof prefix, and must reach the page as written instead of
+being read as Typst markup.
+
+::: {#thm-a}
+
+A theorem.
+
+:::
+
+::: {.proof}
+
+An unnumbered proof.
+
+:::
diff --git a/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290.qmd b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dc59faa13a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2026/04/04/issue-14290.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+---
+title: "Cross-reference remark and solution in Typst (#14290)"
+keep-typ: true
+_quarto:
+  tests:
+    typst:
+      ensureTypstFileRegexMatches:
+        -
+          - '#remark\('
+          - '#solution\('
+          - '<rem-example>'
+          - '<sol-exercise>'
+          - '#show: show-remark'
+          - '#show: show-solution'
+          - '#ref\(<rem-example>'
+          - '#ref\(<sol-exercise>'
+          # unnumbered blocks pin their number and keep the counter still
+          - '#remark\(number: "", get-prefix: \(\.\.args\) => "Remark"\)'
+          - '#proof\(number: "", get-prefix: \(\.\.args\) => "Proof"\)'
+          # a numbered proof keeps theorion's own number
+          - '#proof\(\)\[(\r\n?|\n)Numbered proof\.'
+          # a block holding only a title keeps its label for references
+          - '<prf-b>'
+        - []
+      ensurePdfRegexMatches:
+        -
+          - 'Remark\. An unnumbered remark'
+          - 'Remark 1 \(A Remark\)'
+          - 'Solution 1 \(A Solution\)'
+          - 'Proof\. This is an unnumbered proof'
+          - 'Proof 1\. Numbered proof'
+          - 'Proof \(With code\)\. A named proof'
+          - 'Proof 2 \(Only a title\)'
+          - 'See Remark 1, Solution 1, Proof 1 and Proof 2'
+        -
+          - 'Remark 2'
+          - 'Proof 3'
+          - 'Proof \.'
+---
+
+An unnumbered `proof`, `remark` or `solution` block uses the same theorion
+frame, and so the same counter, as the numbered block of that kind. It must
+show no number and must not move the counter, so that `rem-example` is still
+Remark 1 although an unnumbered remark comes before it.
+
+::: {.remark}
+
+An unnumbered remark.
+
+:::
+
+::: {#rem-example}
+
+## A Remark
+
+This is a remark that should be cross-referenceable.
+
+:::
+
+::: {#sol-exercise}
+
+## A Solution
+
+This is a solution that should be cross-referenceable.
+
+:::
+
+::: {.proof}
+
+This is an unnumbered proof.
+
+:::
+
+::: {#prf-a}
+
+Numbered proof.
+
+:::
+
+::: {.proof}
+
+## With `code`
+
+A named proof.
+
+:::
+
+::: {#prf-b}
+
+## Only a title
+
+:::
+
+See @rem-example, @sol-exercise, @prf-a and @prf-b.
diff --git a/tests/docs/smoke-all/typst/theorem/proof-fancy.qmd b/tests/docs/smoke-all/typst/theorem/proof-fancy.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a0785178ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/docs/smoke-all/typst/theorem/proof-fancy.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+format:
+  typst:
+    keep-typ: true
+    theorem-appearance: fancy
+_quarto:
+  tests:
+    typst:
+      ensureTypstFileRegexMatches:
+        -
+          # proof-like frames use the tertiary fancy colours and a bold header
+          - 'make-frame\((\r\n?|\n)\s*"proof",(\r\n?|\n)\s*text\(weight: "bold", "Proof"\),'
+          - 'make-frame\((\r\n?|\n)\s*"remark",(\r\n?|\n)\s*text\(weight: "bold", "Remark"\),'
+          - 'get-border-color: get-tertiary-border-color'
+          - '#proof\(number: "", get-prefix: \(\.\.args\) => text\(weight: "bold", "Proof"\)\)\['
+          - '#remark\(\)\['
+        -
+          - "simple-proof-render"
+          - "clouds-render"
+          - "rainbow-render"
+      ensurePdfRegexMatches:
+        -
+          - "Proof"
+          - "Remark 1"
+        -
+          - "Proof 1"
+          - "Remark 2"
+---
+
+::: {.proof}
+An unnumbered proof.
+:::
+
+::: {.remark}
+An unnumbered remark.
+:::
+
+::: {#rem-a}
+A numbered remark.
+:::
+
+See @rem-a.