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♻️ Waste Detection and Classification using YOLOv8

An end-to-end Computer Vision & Deep Learning project that performs waste (trash) detection and classification using YOLOv8. This project is trained on the TrashNet dataset and demonstrates how AI can be used for smart waste management and environmental sustainability.

📌 Table of Contents

  • Overview
  • Problem Statement
  • Objectives
  • Features
  • Dataset Description
  • Project Structure
  • Tech Stack
  • Model Used
  • Workflow
  • Installation & Setup
  • How to Run the Project
  • Training & Evaluation
  • Results
  • Applications
  • Limitations
  • Future Enhancements
  • Author

🔍 Overview

Improper waste segregation is a major environmental challenge. Manual sorting of waste is inefficient, unsafe, and error-prone. This project uses YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once), a state-of-the-art object detection model, to automatically detect and classify waste items such as plastic, paper, glass, metal, cardboard, and trash.

The system can be extended to smart bins, recycling plants, and smart cities.

❓ Problem Statement

Manual waste classification:

  • Is time-consuming
  • Leads to incorrect segregation
  • Requires human labor in unsafe environments

The goal of this project is to automate waste detection and classification using deep learning and computer vision.

🎯 Objectives

  • To build an automated waste detection system
  • To prepare a dataset suitable for object detection
  • To train a YOLOv8 model on waste images
  • To evaluate model performance
  • To demonstrate AI for environmental sustainability

✨ Features

  • Uses YOLOv8 for real-time object detection
  • Trained on TrashNet dataset
  • Automatic dataset preparation (train/val split)
  • Bounding box annotation support
  • High-speed and accurate detection
  • Google Colab compatible

🗂 Dataset Description

Dataset: TrashNet (resized version)

Classes

  • Trash
  • Plastic
  • Paper
  • Glass
  • Metal
  • Cardboard

Dataset Processing

  • Images extracted from ZIP file
  • Converted into YOLO format
  • Split into training and validation sets

📂 Project Structure

Waste-Detection-YOLOv8/
│
├── Untitled5.ipynb          # Main training notebook
├── dataset/
│   ├── images/
│   │   ├── train/
│   │   └── val/
│   └── labels/
│       ├── train/
│       └── val/
├── data.yaml               # YOLO dataset configuration
├── runs/                   # YOLO training outputs
├── README.md               # Project documentation
└── requirements.txt        # Dependencies

🧰 Tech Stack

  • Programming Language: Python

  • Frameworks & Libraries:

    • Ultralytics YOLOv8
    • PyTorch
    • NumPy
    • OpenCV

  • Platform: Google Colab / Jupyter Notebook

🧠 Model Used

YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once)

YOLOv8 is a real-time object detection algorithm that:

  • Detects objects in a single forward pass
  • Provides bounding boxes and class labels
  • Is fast and suitable for real-time systems

🔄 Workflow

  1. Install required libraries
  2. Upload TrashNet dataset
  3. Extract and organize images
  4. Convert dataset into YOLO format
  5. Split dataset into train and validation sets
  6. Configure data.yaml
  7. Train YOLOv8 model
  8. Evaluate performance
  9. Test detection on new images

⚙️ Installation & Setup

Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/your-username/Waste-Detection-YOLOv8.git
cd Waste-Detection-YOLOv8

Install dependencies:

pip install ultralytics

▶️ How to Run the Project

  1. Open Untitled5.ipynb in Google Colab
  2. Upload the TrashNet dataset ZIP
  3. Run all cells sequentially
  4. Train the YOLOv8 model
  5. View detection results and metrics

📊 Training & Evaluation

  • Loss functions: Box loss, Class loss, DFL loss

  • Metrics:

    • Precision
    • Recall
    • mAP (mean Average Precision)

YOLOv8 provides built-in evaluation after training.

📈 Results

  • Accurate detection of waste categories
  • Fast inference suitable for real-time use
  • Good generalization on validation data

(Results depend on training epochs and dataset size)

🌍 Applications

  • Smart waste segregation bins
  • Recycling plants
  • Smart city waste management
  • Environmental monitoring
  • Autonomous robots for waste collection

⚠️ Limitations

  • Requires good lighting conditions
  • Performance depends on dataset quality
  • Limited classes based on dataset

🚀 Future Enhancements

  • Add more waste categories
  • Integrate with IoT-based smart bins
  • Deploy on edge devices (Jetson, Raspberry Pi)
  • Real-time camera-based detection
  • Mobile application integration

👨‍💻 Author

Galla Rishi MTech – Robotics / AI & Machine Learning

⭐ Acknowledgment

  • TrashNet Dataset
  • Ultralytics YOLOv8

End of README.md