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Minor clarifications - sampling #487

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9af24a5
Minor clarifications - sampling
dr-shorthair Aug 30, 2026
4bc05ab
sub-class --> subclass etc
dr-shorthair Sep 1, 2026
40c40c4
indefinite article
dr-shorthair Sep 1, 2026
065f212
pronoun --> demonstrative noun
dr-shorthair Sep 3, 2026
8c4abaf
Update ssn/chapters/Sampling.html
dr-shorthair Sep 4, 2026
d14f948
Update ssn/rdf/ontology/core/sosa-sampling.ttl
dr-shorthair Sep 4, 2026
04c953a
Update ssn/chapters/Sampling.html
dr-shorthair Sep 4, 2026
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions ssn/chapters/Sample-Relations.html
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Expand Up @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ <h3>Sample Relations Module</h3>
<section id="sample_relationships_req">
<h4>Sample Relations requirement</h4>
<p>
Samples are often related to other samples by sub-sampling, topological relationships
Samples are often related to other samples by subsampling, topological relationships
(e.g., stations along a traverse, pixels within an image, probe spots on a polished section, or
specimens retrieved within a borehole),
or as parts of sample processing chains
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa-rel:RelationshipNature</dfn></h5>
<br />
Station along a traverse
<br />
Sub-sample with grain size smaller than specified seive mesh
Subsample with grain size smaller than specified seive mesh
</dd>
<dt>is Defined By</dt>
<dd>
Expand Down
45 changes: 23 additions & 22 deletions ssn/chapters/Sampling.html
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Expand Up @@ -82,9 +82,9 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:Sample</dfn></h5>
A Sample may have a geographic location.
See <a href="#ModelLocation">Location and Geometry</a> for patterns to describe this.</p>
<p class="note">
In the previous edition Sample was axiomatized as a sub-class of
In the previous edition of this Recommendation, Sample was a subclass of
<a href="#SOSAFeatureOfInterest">FeatureOfInterest</a>.
The subclass relationship is removed in this edition.
The subclass axiom is removed in this edition.
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See <a href="#ModelDomainTypes">Domain types and FeatureOfInterest</a> for a discussion of the relationship
between types and <a href="#SOSAFeatureOfInterest">FeatureOfInterest</a>.
</p>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:SampleCollection</dfn></h5>
<a>sosa:isSampleOf</a>,
<a>sosa:isResultOfUsedProcedure</a>,
<a>sosa:isResultOfMadeBySampler</a>.
If they are present, the value of these properties summarize the values of the matching properties of the
If they are present, the values of these properties summarize the values of the matching properties of the
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member samples, where membership is either direct or transitive through one or more member sample
collections.
</p>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:SamplingCollection</dfn></h5>
set of one or more Samplings or SamplingCollections; collections may be nested
</p>
<p>
All <a href="#SOSASampling">Sampling</a> properties may appear in an
All <a href="#SOSASampling">Sampling</a> properties may appear in a
<a>sosa:SamplingCollection</a>, including:
<a>sosa:hasFeatureOfInterest</a>,
<a>sosa:hasUltimateFeatureOfInterest</a>,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:SamplingProcedure</dfn></h5>
</p>
<p>
A Sampling Procedure is re-usable, and might be applied in many Samplings.
It explains the steps to be carried out to arrive at reproducible results.
The Sampling Procedure explains the steps to be carried out to arrive at reproducible results.
</p>
<dl>
<div>
Expand All @@ -708,12 +708,12 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:SamplingProcedure</dfn></h5>
<div>
<dt>Examples</dt>
<dd>
spatial distribution of locations where to collect a sample (e.g., river segment)
<br>
instrument (or mode of use thereof) required to collect a sample (e.g., fish net, electric
Spatial distribution of locations where to collect a sample (e.g., river segment)
<br><br>
Instrument (or mode of use thereof) required to collect a sample (e.g., fish net, electric
stunner)
<br>
field work instructions (e.g., dig four boreholes in each cardinal direction 2 metre way from
<br><br>
Field work instructions (e.g., dig four boreholes in each cardinal direction 2 metre way from
the centre of the site; collect soil material from the 15-30 cm depth and mix it in a single
bag)
</dd>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:SamplingProcedure</dfn></h5>
</section>


<section class="informative specterm sosa" id="SOSAfeatureHasUltimateSample">
<section class="specterm sosa" id="SOSAfeatureHasUltimateSample">
<h5><dfn>sosa:featureHasUltimateSample</dfn></h5>
<p class="crossreference">
<strong>IRI:</strong> http://www.w3.org/ns/sosa/featureHasUltimateSample
Expand All @@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:featureHasUltimateSample</dfn></h5>
<p>
<em>feature has ultimate sample</em> &mdash;
relation from an ultimate FeatureOfInterest to a Sample or SampleCollection that is intended to be
representative of it; i.e., the end of a chain of hasSample relations
representative of that FeatureOfInterest; i.e., the end of a chain of hasSample relations
</p>
<p class="note">
Some examples of relationships between samples and features of interest within chains are
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:hasOriginalSample</dfn></h5>
This term is non-normative, pending further implementation experience</p>
<p>
<em>has original sample</em> &mdash;
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the initial Sample collected from the ultimate
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the initial Sample collected from that ultimate
FeatureOfInterest
</p>
<p class="note">Some examples of relationships between samples and features of interest within chains are
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:hasSample</dfn></h5>
</p>
<p>
<em>has sample</em> &mdash;
relation from a FeatureOfInterest to the Sample or SampleCollection used to represent it
relation from a FeatureOfInterest to the Sample or SampleCollection used to represent that FeatureOfInterest
</p>
<dl>
<dt>Domain Includes</dt>
Expand All @@ -846,7 +846,8 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:hasSample</dfn></h5>
</dd>
<dt>Range Includes</dt>
<dd>
<a>sosa:Sample</a>
<a>sosa:Sample</a>,
<a>sosa:SampleCollection</a>
</dd>
<dt>Inverse property of</dt>
<dd>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -923,7 +924,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:isResultOfMadeBySampler</dfn></h5>
This term is non-normative, pending further implementation experience</p>
<p>
<em>is a result of made by sampler</em> &mdash;
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Sampler that made it
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Sampler that made that Sample or SampleCollection
</p>
<dl>
<div>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -979,7 +980,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:isResultOfUsedProcedure</dfn></h5>
This term is non-normative, pending further implementation experience</p>
<p>
<em>is a result of used procedure</em> &mdash;
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Procedure (plan) used to make it
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Procedure used to make that Sample or SampleCollection
</p>
<dl>
<div>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1063,7 +1064,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:isSampleOf</dfn></h5>
</div>
</section>

<section class="informative specterm sosa" id="SOSAisSampleOfUltimateFOI">
<section class="specterm sosa" id="SOSAisSampleOfUltimateFOI">
<h5><dfn>sosa:isSampleOfUltimateFOI</dfn></h5>
<p class="crossreference">
<strong>IRI:</strong> http://www.w3.org/ns/sosa/isSampleOfUltimateFOI
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1120,7 +1121,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:madeBySampler</dfn></h5>
</p>
<p>
<em>made by sampler</em> &mdash;
relation from an act of Sampling to the Sampler that made it
relation from an act of Sampling to the Sampler that made that act of Sampling
</p>
<dl>
<dt>Subproperty of</dt>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1162,7 +1163,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:madeSampling</dfn></h5>
</p>
<p>
<em>made sampling</em> &mdash;
relation from a Sampler to the Sampling or SamplingCollection it has made
relation from a Sampler to the Sampling or SamplingCollection made by that Sampler
</p>
<dl>
<dt>Subproperty of</dt>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1207,7 +1208,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:madeSamplingHasResult</dfn></h5>
This term is non-normative, pending further implementation experience</p>
<p>
<em>made sampling has result</em> &mdash;
relation from a Sampler to a Sample or SampleCollection made by it
relation from a Sampler to a Sample or SampleCollection made by that Sampler
</p>
<dl>
<div>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1263,7 +1264,7 @@ <h5><dfn>sosa:usedForExecutionHasResult</dfn></h5>
This term is non-normative, pending further implementation experience</p>
<p>
<em>used for execution has result</em> &mdash;
relation from a Procedure to a Sample or SampleCollection made by it
relation from a Procedure to a Sample or SampleCollection made by that Procedure
</p>
<dl>
<div>
Expand Down
23 changes: 12 additions & 11 deletions ssn/rdf/ontology/core/sosa-sampling.ttl
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Expand Up @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ sosa:SampleCollection

All Sample properties may appear in a Sample Collection, including:
hasOriginalSample , isSampleOfUltimateFOI , isSampleOf , isResultOfUsedProcedure , isResultOfMadeBySampler .
If they are present, the value of these properties summarize the values of the matching properties of the member samples, where membership is either direct or transitive through one or more member sample collections.
If they are present, the values of these properties summarize the values of the matching properties of the member samples, where membership is either direct or transitive through one or more member sample collections.
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The following consistency rules apply with respect to the Sample properties listed above:

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ sosa:SamplingProcedure
workflow, protocol, plan, algorithm, program, or computational method specifying how to make a Sampling

A Sampling Procedure is re-usable, and might be involved in many Samplings.
It explains the steps to be carried out to arrive at reproducible results.
The Sampling Procedure explains the steps to be carried out to arrive at reproducible results.
"""@en ;
skos:example """
spatial distribution of locations where to collect a sample (e.g., river segment)
Expand All @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ sosa:featureHasUltimateSample
a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "feature has ultimate sample"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from an ultimate FeatureOfInterest to a Sample or SampleCollection that is intended to be representative of it; i.e., the end of a chain of hasSample relations
relation from an ultimate FeatureOfInterest to a Sample or SampleCollection that is intended to be representative of that FeatureOfInterest; i.e., the end of a chain of hasSample relations
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:FeatureOfInterest ;
schema:rangeIncludes sosa:Sample ;
Expand All @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ sosa:hasOriginalSample
a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has original sample"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the initial Sample collected from the ultimate FeatureOfInterest
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the initial Sample collected from that ultimate FeatureOfInterest
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:Sample ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:SampleCollection ;
Expand All @@ -216,10 +216,11 @@ sosa:hasSample
a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has sample"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from a FeatureOfInterest to the Sample or SampleCollection used to represent it
relation from a FeatureOfInterest to the Sample or SampleCollection used to represent that FeatureOfInterest
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:FeatureOfInterest ;
schema:rangeIncludes sosa:Sample ;
schema:rangeIncludes sosa:SampleCollection ;
owl:inverseOf sosa:isSampleOf ;
rdfs:isDefinedBy sosa-sam: .

Expand All @@ -239,7 +240,7 @@ sosa:isResultOfMadeBySampler
a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "is a result of made by sampler"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Sampler that made it
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Sampler that made that Sample or SampleCollection
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:Sample ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:SampleCollection ;
Expand All @@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ sosa:isResultOfUsedProcedure
a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "is a result of used procedure"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Procedure (plan) used to make it
relation from a Sample or SampleCollection to the Procedure used to make that Sample or SampleCollection
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:Sample ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:SampleCollection ;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ sosa:madeBySampler
rdfs:subPropertyOf sosa:madeBySystem ;
rdfs:label "made by sampler"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from an act of Sampling to the Sampler that made it
relation from an act of Sampling to the Sampler that made that act of Sampling
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:Sampling ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:SamplingCollection ;
Expand All @@ -301,7 +302,7 @@ sosa:madeSampling
rdfs:subPropertyOf sosa:madeExecution ;
rdfs:label "made sampling"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from a Sampler to the Sampling or SamplingCollection it has made
relation from a Sampler to the Sampling or SamplingCollection made by that Sampler
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:Sampler ;
schema:rangeIncludes sosa:Sampling ;
Expand All @@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ sosa:madeSamplingHasResult
a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "made sampling has result"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from a Sampler to a Sample or SampleCollection made by it
relation from a Sampler to a Sample or SampleCollection made by that Sampler
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:Sampler ;
schema:rangeIncludes sosa:Sample ;
Expand All @@ -325,7 +326,7 @@ sosa:usedForExecutionHasResult
a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "used for execution has result"@en ;
skos:definition """
relation from a Procedure to a Sample or SampleCollection made by it
relation from a Procedure to a Sample or SampleCollection made by that Procedure
"""@en ;
schema:domainIncludes sosa:SamplingProcedure ;
schema:rangeIncludes sosa:Sample ;
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion ssn/rdf/ontology/extensions/sample-relations.ttl
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Expand Up @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ sosa-rel:RelationshipNature
skos:example "Specimen taken from borehole" ;
skos:example "Split of core sample" ;
skos:example "Station along a traverse" ;
skos:example "Sub-sample with grain size smaller than specified seive mesh" ;
skos:example "Subsample with grain size smaller than specified seive mesh" ;
rdfs:isDefinedBy sosa-rel: ;
.
sosa-rel:SampleRelationship
Expand Down
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